Repair of Cracks in Concrete with the Microbial-Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) Method

Özhan, Hacer Bilir; Yildirim, Musa; Öğüt, Hamdi; Öz, Hilal Girgin

doi:10.2478/sjce-2023-0021

Abstract

In this study, the microbiologically-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) method was employed to examine its potential for repairing cracks in concrete. In addition, specific gravity and porosity values were measured to examine the effect of calcite formations on concrete surfaces and microstructures. Bacteria-supplemented concrete repaired cracks up to 0.4 mm wide by filling them with CaCO3. Furthermore, this study not only examined the healing of the width but also the length of cracks. However, as the width of the treated cracks decreased, their length increased. This indicated that the MICP treatment is more effective in a limited crack range. Specific gravity values increased, and porosity values decreased in concrete supplemented with calcifying bacteria. SEM analyses showed that calcite is a bacterial product that forms a very tight bond with a cement gel and that calcite fills visible cracks and voids and creates more of a void-free and undamaged concrete structure.

References

Achal, V. – Mukherjee, A. –Basu,P.C. – Reddy, M.S.(2009) Lactose mother liquor as analternative nutrient s ource for microbial concrete production by Sporosarcina pasteurii. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 36(3), 433–438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-008-0514-7
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Andalib,R.– AbdMajid,M.Z.– Hussin,M.W.– Ponraj,M.– Keyvanfar,A.– Mirza, J.– Lee, H.-S. (2016) Optimum concentration of Bacillus megaterium for strengthening structural concrete. Construction and Building Materials 118, 180–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.04.142
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bachmeier, K.L.– Williams, A.E. – Warmington, J.R. – Bang, S.S. (2002) Urease activityin microbiologically-induced calcite precipitation. Journal of Biotechnology 93, 171–181.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1656(01)00393-5
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Beveridge, T.J. (1988) The bacterial surface: general considerations towards design andfunction. Can. J. Microbiol. 34, 363–372. https://doi.org/10.1139/m88-067
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chintalapudi, K. – Aparna, P. – Himabindu, P.S.S. – Amulya, S. (2017) Experimental Study on Bacterial-Based Self-Healing Concrete. Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering & Technology 86. ISBN 978-93-5279-269-6.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Choi, S.-G. – Wang, K. – Wen, Z. – Chu, J. (2017) Mortar crack repair using microbialinduced calcite precipitation method. Cement and Concrete Composites 83, 209–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.07.013
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Danner, T. – Hjorth Jakobsen, U. – Geiker, M.R. (2019) Miner-alogical Sequence of Self-Healing Products in Cracked Marine Concrete. Minerals 9, 284. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9050284
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
De Muynck, W. – Cox, K. – Belie, N.D. – Verstraete, W. (2008) Bacterial carbonate precipitation as an alternative surface treatment for concrete. Construction and Building Materials 22, 875–885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.12.011
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Feng, J. – Chen, B. – Sun, W. – Wang, Y. (2021) Microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation study using Bacillus subtilis with application to self-healing concrete preparation and characterization. Construction and Building Materials 280, 122460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122460
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hammes, F. – Boon, N. – De Villiers, J. – Verstraete, W. – Siciliano, S.D. (2003) Strain-Specific Ureolytic Microbial Calcium Carbonate Precipitation. Applied and EnvironmentalMicrobiology69,4901–4909. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.8.4901-4909.2003
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jongvivatsakul, P. – Janprasit, K. – Nuaklong, P. – Pungrasmi, W. – Likitlersuang, S. (2019) Investigation of the crack healing performance in mortar using microbiallyinduced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) method. Construction and Building Materials 212, 737–744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.04.035
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jonkers, H.M.– Thijssen, A. (2010) Bacteria mediated remediation of concrete structures,In Proceedings of 2nd International Symposium on Service Life Design for Infrastructure, 83-92, Delft: The Netherlands. e-ISBN: 978-2-35158-097-4 Publisher: RILEM Publications SARL
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Joshi, S. – Goyal, S. – Mukherjee, A. – Reddy, M.S. (2017) Microbial healing of cracks inconcrete: a review. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 44, 1511– 1525. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-017-1978-0
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Krishnapriya, S. –Babu, D.L. –Arulraj, G.P. (2015) Isolation and identification of bacteria to improve the strength of concrete. Microbiological Research 174, 48–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mi-cres.2015.03.009
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Le Metayer-Levrel, G. – Castanier, S. –Orial, G. –Loubiere, J.F. –Perthuisot, J.P. (1999) Applications of bacterial carbonatogenesis to the protection and regenerationof limestones in buildings and historic patrimony. Sedimentary geology 126, 25–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0037-0738(99)00029-9
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Muhammad, N.Z. – Shafaghat, A. – Keyvanfar, A. – Abd. Majid, M.Z. – Ghoshal, S.K. – Mohammadyan, S.E.Y. – Ganiyu, A.A. – Samadi, M. K. – Kamyab, H. – Taheri, M.M. – Rezazadeh, M.S. – McCaffe, R. (2016) Tests and methods of evaluating the self-healing efficiency of concrete: A review. Construction and Building Materials 112, 1123–1132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.03.017
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Okwanda,G.D.–Li,J.(2010) Optimum conditions for microbial-carbonateprecipitation. Chemosphere, 81(9), 1143-1148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.09.066
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Özhan, H. B. – Yıldırım, M. (2020) Effects of acid and high-temperature treatments ondurability of bacterial concrete. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(3), 1421-1430. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.816087
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Qian, C.– Zheng, T. –Zhang, X. – Su, Y.(2021) Application of microbial self-healingconcrete: Case study. Construction and Building Materials, 290, 123226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123226
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rao, M. S. – Reddy, V. S. – Sasikala, C. (2017) Performance of microbial concrete developed using bacillus subtilus JC3. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series A, 98, 501-510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-017-0227-x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Reddy, B. M. S.– Revathi, D.(2019) An experimental study on effect of Bacillus sphaericusbacteria in crack filling and strength enhancement of concrete. Materials Today: Proceedings, 19, 803-809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.08.135
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Seifan,M.– Samani,A.K.– Berenjian,A.(2017)New insights into the role of pH and aeration in the bacterial production of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 101, 3131-3142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-017-8109-8
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Siddique, R. – Nanda, V. – Kadri, E. H. – Khan, M. I. – Singh, M. – Rajor, A. (2016) Influence of bacteria on compressive strength and permeation properties of concretemade with cement bag-house filter dust. Construction and Building Materials, 106,461-469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.112
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
TS 706 EN 12620+A1 (2009) Aggregates for concrete. Türk Standardı, Ankara.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
TS 802 (2016) Design Concrete Mixes. Türk Standardı, Ankara.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ujike, I. –Sato, R. –Okazaki, S. (2010) Proposal of effective concrete cover in consideration of deterioration by internal cracking. In: 2nd International Symposium on Service Life Design for In-frastructures (pp. 41-48). RILEM Publications SARL.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Van Breugel, K. (2007) Is there a market for self-healing cement based materials? Proceedings of the First International Conference on Self Healing Materials 9.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Van Tittelboom, K. – De Belie, N. – De Muynck, W. – Verstraete, W. (2010) Use ofbacteria to repair cracks in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research 40, 157–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.08.025
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wang, J.Y. – Snoeck, D. – Van Vlierberghe, S. – Verstraete, W. – De Belie, N. (2014a) Application of hydrogel encapsulated carbonate precipitating bacteria for approaching a realistic self-healing in concrete. Construction and Building Materials 68, 110–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.06.018
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wang, J.Y. –Soens, H. –Verstraete, W. –De Belie, N. (2014b) Self-healing concrete by use of microencapsulated bacterial spores. Cement and concrete research 56,139–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2013.11.009
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wiktor, V. – Jonkers, H.M. (2011) Quantification of crack-healing in novel bacteria-based self-healing concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites 33, 763–770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemcon-comp.2011.03.012
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wu, M.– Hu,X.– Zhang, Q.– Xue,D.– Zhao, Y. (2019)Growthenvironment optimization for inducing bacterial mineralization and its application in concrete healing. Construction and Building Materials 209, 631–643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuild-mat.2019.03.181
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Yıldırım, M. – Ozhan, H.B. (2023) Residual Durability Performance of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete Damaged by Compressive Stress Loads. Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering, 67(2), 392–401. https://doi.org/10.3311/PPci.21387
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Yildirim, M. – Ozhan, H.B. – Oz, H.G. (2023) Bacteria-based self-healing of cementmortars loaded at different levels and exposed to high temperature. Magazine of Concrete Research, 75(13), 674-684. https://doi.org/10.1680/jmacr.22.00238
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhang, J.– Zhou, A.– Liu, Y.– Zhao, B.– Luan, Y.– Wang, S.– Yue, X. – Li, Z. (2017) Microbial network of the carbonate precipitation process induced by microbial consortia and the potential application to crack healing in concrete. Sci Rep 7, 14600. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15177-z
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Repair of Cracks in Concrete with the Microbial-Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) Method

Abstract

Paradigm

My account