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Mix Design of PQAC mixes with fibres_
| Mix ID | APVA-0.4 | APVA-0.8 | APVA-1.2 | APVA-1.6 | APVA-2.0 | APF-0.4 | APF-0.8 | APF-1.2 | APF-1.6 | APF-2.0 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % Addition of fibres (by volume of binder) | 0.4% | 0.8% | 1.2% | 1.6% | 2.0% | 0.4% | 0.8% | 1.2% | 1.6% | 2.0% |
| Materials | in kg/m3 | |||||||||
| GGBS | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 |
| NaOH flakes | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 |
| Liquid sodium silicate | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 |
| Water | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 |
| Natural coarse aggregate | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 |
| River sand fine aggregate | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 |
| PVA | 0.748 | 1.49 | 2.24 | 2.99 | 3.74 | - | - | - | - | - |
| PPF | - | - | - | - | - | 0.612 | 1.224 | 1.836 | 2.448 | 3.06 |
Mix Design of PQAC mixes with nano-additives_
| Mix ID | A-0 | AS-0.5 | AS-1.0 | AS-1.5 | AS-2.0 | AA-0.5 | AA-0.75 | AA-1.0 | AA-1.25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % Addition of nano-additives (by weight of binder) | 0% | 0.5% | 1.0% | 1.5% | 2.0% | 0% | 0.75% | 1.0% | 1.25% |
| Materials | in kg/m3 | ||||||||
| GGBS | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 |
| NaOH flakes | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 |
| Liquid sodium silicate | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 |
| Water | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 |
| Natural coarse aggregate | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 |
| River sand fine aggregate | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 |
| Nano-silica | 0 | 2.47 | 4.93 | 7.39 | 9.86 | - | - | - | - |
| Nano-alumina | - | - | - | - | - | 2.47 | 3.69 | 4.93 | 6.16 |
Performance results of the predictive models_
| Model | RMSE | MAE | MSE | R2 score | CV mean |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linear Regression | 0.629266 | 0.488546 | 0.395976 | 0.608906 | 0.445094 |
| Decision Tree | 0.452297 | 0.382320 | 0.204573 | 0.797950 | 0.713217 |
| Random Forest | 0.453657 | 0.383848 | 0.205805 | 0.796733 | 0.707697 |
| Support Vector | 0.636715 | 0.492057 | 0.405406 | 0.599593 | 0.454470 |
| ADA Boost | 0.454821 | 0.384150 | 0.206862 | 0.795688 | 0.714149 |
| Gradient Boosting | 0.459522 | 0.390104 | 0.211160 | 0.791443 | 0.71143811 |
Statistical summary of the dataset_
| Count | Mean | Std | Min | 25% | 50% | 75% | Max | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GGBS | 570 | 493 | 0 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 |
| NaOH | 570 | 11.2 | 0 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 |
| LSS | 570 | 75.12 | 0 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 | 75.12 |
| Water | 570 | 157.56 | 0 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 | 157.56 |
| NCA | 570 | 1071.4 | 0 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 | 1071.4 |
| RSFA | 570 | 577.84 | 0 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 | 577.84 |
| NS | 570 | 1.3 | 2.81 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9.86 |
| NA | 570 | 0.91 | 1.87 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.16 |
| PVAF | 570 | 0.59 | 1.13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.75 | 3.74 |
| PPF | 570 | 0.48 | 0.92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.61 | 3.06 |
| STS | 570 | 5.34 | 0.94 | 3.69 | 4.64 | 5.17 | 5.81 | 8.2 |
Relative frequency distribution of the prediction-to-test STS ratio_
| Model | Mean | Median | Standard deviation | Skew |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linear Regression | 1.003337 | 0.99848 | 0.108407 | 0.154706 |
| Decision Tree | 1.002638 | 0.98704 | 0.0855 | 0.399816 |
| Random Forest | 1.002764 | 0.98737 | 0.085843 | 0.40379 |
| Support Vector | 1.004801 | 0.99847 | 0.109484 | 0.076785 |
| ADA Boost | 0.999269 | 0.98854 | 0.084598 | 0.367988 |
| Gradient Boosting | 1.004576 | 0.99069 | 0.08731 | 0.416545 |