Modeling of rigid inclusion ground improvements in large-scale geotechnical simulations

Figures & Tables

Layer	E_o	ν	E_{o, eff}	*ν_eff*

-	MPa	-	MPa	-
IIIa	22	0.37	2363	0.01
B1	45	0.44	2457	0.05
Cb1	35	0.48	2569	0.10
B2	140	0.42	2624	0.09
B3	180	0.43	2724	0.12
Cb2	150	0.46	2796	0.17

Rock layers adopted for computations	Depth range	Density P	Deformation modulus E_o	Poisson ratio ν	Friction angle □	Cohesion c
-	m	g/cm³	MPa	-	°	kPa
A	-	2.22	18	0.25	21.0	500
B	<6	2.25	45	0.44	19.0	400
B	6–14	2.25	140	0.42	19.0	400
B	>14	2.35	180	0.43	19.0	400
Ca	-	2.28	42	0.46	18.0	100
Cb1	<16	2.35	35	0.48	18.5	200
Cb2	>16	2.35	150	0.46	18.5	200
Cc	-	2.25	4	0.45	18.5	200
D	-	2.15	14	0.50	19.0	400

Layer name	Soil type	Liquidity index/density index	Density ρ	Modulus E_o	Poisson ratio ν	Friction angle f	Cohesion c

-	-	-	g/cm³	MPa	-	°	kPa
Soils
IIc	siCl, saCl	I_L<0.25	2.08	6.0	0.32	11	30
IId	siCl, saCl	0.25< I_L <0.5	2.00	3.9	0.32	8	20
IIe	siCl, saCl	0.5< I_L <1.0	1.98	3.6	0.32	6	10
IIb	Gr, saGr	0.33<ID<0.67	1.90	80	0.32	38	0
IIa	MSa	0.33<ID<0.67	1.75	60	0.32	32	0
IIc	saCl	0.25< I_L <0.5	2.15	27	0.32	23	20
IIf	grCl	0.5< I_L <1.0	2.12	9	0.32	18	10
IIIa	Cl	I_L <0	2.15	22	0.37	13	60
IIIb	Cl	0< I_L <0.25	2.00	17	0.37	11	52
IIIc	Cl	0.25< I_L <0.5	1.85	12	0.37	9	44
Dam body			2.20	55	0.32	33	0
Impermeable core			2.20	25	0.3	15	15

	Maximum vertical displacement of the conduit pipe	Maximum difference in displacement between subsequent segments
Subsoil without columns	6.2 cm	2.2 cm
Subsoil with column (Approach II)	3.7 cm	0.9 cm
Subsoil with column (Approach III)	2.6 cm	0.8 cm