Figure 1:

Figure 2:
![Instability domains (shaded areas) in simulations of triaxial compression and extension for dense sand described by incrementally non-linear model [7].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64737a3e4e662f30ba53f8da/j_sgem-2023-0015_fig_002.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKAQBD4DWL%2F20260316%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260316T065303Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEAYaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIH81EyrbYf%2F%2BDCe9nR84Cn9vBgMGrk6X0Pw7pyV8IITnAiEAs6HgZoLphVE8%2FC%2FRaGkrbe9kc6x1ayu9HXLQkEAtvngqxQUIz%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDOMXGhvNgNwAmj9VECqZBfWiLrHB%2BNnSpN%2BTzIcXzukSiBZzFjdzR3eKeBvXCPFSO3I6g3F%2BYLZH8S30UH0mSwYolrVuv8UJZe784z97qyFU8%2FHCUp3QKoZKlANvBWeXHJrhERxDfORgxcozmKdlpBX0g9iSlyqtUHdSE%2BZMjGplRpXEpiHyFe6QsW%2FaeQ7%2FcK9namO01DrGO85jXTE5JlxAunxG24vAFtjJKK0kS2WsbFlXAEt6veaZEsDRpdm7ebWLcuYbYQjjx%2F9OP9DS69Q1qmKZn%2BZHq0Pbt6U5EFwbLsFvZ8DxYU6RoZwv9fOqhnkrFkp0n%2BWF0fVkkBgrFvt1aMagT2qDX3avVw82AR5aPXz2d1ZPCx5oxBESMFW7%2BHAelGRutYrOUW%2F98Y1eFCmNKzSCUiJOUxXG4nBJ%2B8P1r4V7erWxtz7iqyf%2F%2FBTgrJPTC22ZjhN36J0qT81FJ9nJk%2FfxNag92WQ1%2BxRTBzpD6B4YlBDjfLQvaawLTizFTOxmjDJrkw2A8BpY4Np5SWSN9Pz1ovuX5hpLck6O4YvjucUsuu2gOJ6aa1yDm4FDrXpHp5ZLs5qtFVEe50UfPHj%2FQAyHlpMdtScFYRZT0A%2B3%2F%2FL8jjwNp5KsfIJmHXW39uZSzT4NJmKUJ2%2FRvYkxkL0upNDhOlOExuD7NBInG46rORvBTaVCKwfxQ3MGffjHZ3utHc4dvGBhAu2KG8wWrbu%2FrybOztSGsGzBOJ1ePb4j%2F9s5KWEqYwEh8PyRy1GmoDdaAA0AfESeKbWQaoKt%2FY4I3gJlHWnsK6EMj87PZVfYMBprYYQmxEiw9PdBZ7IKmRJeAjTBKf0zWvrZNqOlxusbtPOIgzLWuBPDVeNZ979HCbnqjovNqHISLaxDwAaj7CRqUEh7cHsjMIqq3s0GOrEBH4KNn%2BSLETxTHQ2Z%2FjtzSNEyOZOnuGRNxpOpxyz8AiszeU9rTrGp%2BFEDhPOeAqr5iegs63m%2Bltw%2BGYxGfT7%2BkQr6q9aLdIpgtDIOFoZkBfR0E023mU4dO9EJiHcvi3TcD%2FUe3QgNrRyfMxku65YUuuGgKelMJAWprASrzeabrRoN7%2FsokLbQVZGRKwISFw5J7%2FPvXbdnGNytz3bQF2jYVqshAN8ZRriNixpC3v3bqzFw&X-Amz-Signature=751c6c710573be7aaae769a9041f62d68ef0dbb561aa0b8ac833e329c5491d76&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
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Figure 9:

Soil parameters assumed in the analysis_
| Parameter | earth dam (mSa) | subgrade (Si) |
|---|---|---|
| Eurref [MPa] | 100 | 30 |
| σref [kPa] | 100 | 100 |
| νur [−] | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| m [−] | 0.5 | 0.9 |
| σL [kPa] | 10 | 10 |
| E50ref [MPa] | 30 | 10 |
| ϕ [°] | 35 | 25 |
| c [kPa] | 0 | 10 |
| ψ [°] | 5 | 10 |
| Eoed [MPa] | 38 | 10 |
| OCR [−] | 3 | 3 |
| k [m/s] | 10−6 | 10−7 |
| Sr [−] | 0 | 0.2 |
| α [1/m] | 10 | 1 |
| K0 [−] | 0.8 | 0.92 |