Forecasting the impact of buildings with multi-storey underground parts on the displacement of subsoil using modern numerical tools

Hanna Michalak; Paweł Przybysz

doi:10.2478/sgem-2021-0034

Figures & Tables

General view of the development (building B).

Site plan of the investment and existing neighbouring buildings with determination of the A–A test section placement. The outline of the underground part of the new housing complex is marked by a dotted line (own study based on [32], [11]).

3D numerical model covering the designed building complex A, B and C, neighbouring buildings and soil.

A numerical model section with the determination of the A–A test section placement.

Phase 2 of the implementation – erecting slurry walls; graph of vertical displacements of the land surface in the A–A cross section: a) on the left, b) on the right.

Phase 4 of the implementation – conducting foundation excavation and supporting it with straining beams; graph of vertical displacements of the land surface in the A–A cross section: a) on the left, b) on the right.

Phase 5 of the implementation – conducting foundation excavation to the full depth; graph of vertical displacements of the land surface in the A–A cross section: a) on the left, b) on the right

Phase 6 of the implementation – implementation of the raft foundation; graph of vertical displacements of the land surface in the A–A cross section: a) on the left, b) on the right.

Phase 7 of the implementation – disassembly of straining beams, followed by the construction of walls and columns in the underground part; graph of vertical displacements of the land surface in the A–A cross section: a) on the left, b) on the right

Phase 8 of the implementation – construction of the underground part; graph of vertical displacements of the land surface in the A–A cross section: a) on the left, b) on the right.

Phase 9 of the implementation – construction of the above-ground part; graph of vertical displacements of the land surface in the A–A cross section: a) on the left, b) on the right.

Phase 14 of the implementation – application of the full-service load; graph of vertical displacements of the land surface in the A–A cross section: a) on the left, b) on the right.

The juxtaposition of the vertical displacement values in [mm] of the land surface_ from the 3D numerical model in the analyzed implementation phases_ for the left side of the A–A test cross–section_

Distance from the excavation (m)	50	46	43	40	37	34	31	29	26	24	21	19	17	15	12	10	8	5	3	2	0
Phase 1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Phase 2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.0	−0.1	−0.3	−0.7	−1.2	−1.7	−2.2	−3.0	−3.7	−4.3	−4.8
Phase 3	−0.1	−0.1	−0.2	−0.2	−0.2	−0.2	−0.3	−0.3	−0.3	−0.4	−0.5	−0.6	−0.7	−0.9	−1.1	−1.3	−1.2	−1.4	−1.4	−1.2	−1.0
Phase 4	−0.1	−0.1	−0.2	−0.2	−0.2	−0.2	−0.3	−0.3	−0.3	−0.4	−0.5	−0.6	−0.7	−0.9	−1.1	−1.3	−1.2	−1.4	−1.4	−1.3	−1.0
Phase 5	−1.7	−2.0	−2.2	−2.3	−2.3	−2.4	−2.5	−2.6	−2.7	−3.0	−3.1	−3.0	−2.8	−2.5	−1.8	−1.9	−4.0	−7.1	−11.4	−17.5	−21.0
Phase 6	−1.6	−1.8	−2.0	−2.1	−2.1	−2.2	−2.2	−2.4	−2.5	−2.7	−2.9	−2.9	−2.7	−2.5	−2.0	−2.8	−5.5	−9.4	−14.5	−21.2	−25.6
Phase 7	−1.6	−1.8	−2.0	−2.1	−2.1	−2.1	−2.2	−2.3	−2.4	−2.7	−2.8	−2.8	−2.7	−2.4	−1.9	−2.7	−5.5	−9.4	−14.6	−21.4	−25.9
Phase 8	−1.5	−1.7	−1.9	−1.9	−2.0	−2.0	−2.0	−2.2	−2.3	−2.5	−2.8	−2.7	−2.6	−2.4	−2.1	−3.3	−6.4	−10.5	−15.9	−23.1	−27.8
Phase 9	−1.5	−1.7	−1.9	−1.9	−1.9	−2.0	−2.0	−2.2	−2.2	−2.5	−2.7	−2.7	−2.6	−2.4	−2.1	−3.3	−6.4	−10.5	−15.9	−23.1	−27.9
Phase 10	−1.4	−1.5	−1.7	−1.7	−1.7	−1.7	−1.8	−1.9	−2.0	−2.3	−2.6	−2.6	−2.5	−2.3	−2.1	−3.3	−6.5	−10.7	−16.2	−23.4	−28.2
Phase 11	−1.3	−1.5	−1.6	−1.7	−1.7	−1.7	−1.7	−1.8	−1.9	−2.2	−2.5	−2.5	−2.4	−2.2	−2.0	−3.3	−6.5	−10.7	−16.2	−23.5	−28.3
Phase 12	−1.3	−1.4	−1.5	−1.6	−1.6	−1.6	−1.6	−1.7	−1.8	−2.1	−2.4	−2.4	−2.3	−2.1	−2.0	−3.4	−6.5	−10.8	−16.3	−23.6	−28.5
Phase 13	−1.2	−1.4	−1.5	−1.6	−1.5	−1.6	−1.6	−1.7	−1.8	−2.1	−2.4	−2.4	−2.3	−2.1	−2.0	−3.4	−6.6	−10.8	−16.4	−23.6	−28.6
Phase 14	−0.9	−1.1	−1.1	−1.1	−1.1	−1.1	−1.1	−1.2	−1.3	−1.7	−2.1	−2.2	−2.3	−2.4	−2.8	−4.9	−8.5	−13.3	−19.4	−27.2	−32.4

The juxtaposition of the vertical displacement values in [mm] of the land surface_ from the 3D numerical model in the analyzed implementation phases_ for the right side of the A–A test cross–section_

Distance from the excavation (m)	0	2	4	6	9	10	12	14	15	17	19	21	25	28	32	35	39
Phase 1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Phase 2	−4.9	−4.5	−3.9	−3.1	−2.4	−2.4	−2.0	−1.7	−1.2	−0.8	−0.6	−0.3	−0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3
Phase 3	−0.5	−1.0	−1.3	−1.3	−1.2	−1.4	−1.3	−1.3	−1.1	−0.9	−0.8	−0.7	−0.5	−0.4	−0.3	−0.2	−0.2
Phase 4	−0.5	−1.0	−1.3	−1.3	−1.2	−1.4	−1.3	−1.3	−1.1	−0.9	−0.8	−0.7	−0.5	−0.4	−0.3	−0.2	−0.2
Phase 5	−10.8	−7.5	−3.3	−1.5	−0.8	−0.7	−1.2	−1.8	−2.2	−2.4	−2.6	−2.8	−3.0	−3.0	−2.9	−2.8	−2.7
Phase 6	−15.9	−11.6	−6.7	−4.1	−2.6	−2.2	−2.2	−2.4	−2.6	−2.6	−2.7	−2.7	−2.7	−2.7	−2.6	−2.5	−2.4
Phase 7	−16.4	−12.0	−7.0	−4.3	−2.7	−2.2	−2.1	−2.4	−2.5	−2.5	−2.6	−2.6	−2.6	−2.6	−2.5	−2.4	−2.3
Phase 8	−18.3	−13.6	−8.3	−5.3	−3.5	−2.9	−2.6	−2.7	−2.7	−2.6	−2.6	−2.5	−2.5	−2.4	−2.3	−2.2	−2.1
Phase 9	−18.3	−13.6	−8.2	−5.3	−3.4	−2.8	−2.6	−2.6	−2.6	−2.6	−2.5	−2.5	−2.4	−2.3	−2.3	−2.2	−2.1
Phase 10	−18.5	−13.7	−8.4	−5.4	−3.5	−2.9	−2.6	−2.6	−2.6	−2.5	−2.4	−2.4	−2.3	−2.2	−2.2	−2.1	−2.0
Phase 11	−18.7	−13.9	−8.5	−5.5	−3.6	−3.0	−2.6	−2.6	−2.6	−2.5	−2.4	−2.4	−2.3	−2.2	−2.1	−2.0	−2.0
Phase 12	−18.8	−14.0	−8.6	−5.5	−3.6	−3.0	−2.7	−2.6	−2.5	−2.5	−2.4	−2.3	−2.2	−2.1	−2.0	−2.0	−1.9
Phase 13	−18.9	−14.1	−8.7	−5.6	−3.7	−3.1	−2.7	−2.7	−2.6	−2.5	−2.4	−2.3	−2.2	−2.1	−2.0	−1.9	−1.9
Phase 14	−22.7	−17.5	−11.4	−7.8	−5.4	−4.7	−4.0	−3.5	−3.0	−2.7	−2.4	−2.2	−2.0	−1.8	−1.6	−1.5	−1.5

Subsoil parameters adopted in the model of the subsoil on the basis of the documentation [34]_

Layer No	Compaction index	Plasticity index	Weight/unit volume	Friction angle	Cohesion	Dilatancy angle	Poisson ratio	Compression modulus based on CPT probing	Modulus of elasticity based on CPT probing
	I_D	I_L	γ (kN/m³)	ϕ (°)	c (kPa)	ψ (°)	ν	M (kPa)	E (kPa)
I	–	–	16–18	24	–	–	0.25	–	15,000
IIa	–	0.3	20	–	–	–	0.32	5,000	3,500
IIb	–	0.1–0.2	21.5	15	17	–	0.32	15,000	10,500
IIIa	0.4	–	18.5	32	–	2	0.25	75,000	62,500
IIIb	0.6	–	19.0	34	–	4	0.25	110,000	91,700
IV	0.4–0.6	–	17.5	31	–	1	0.30	90,000–120,000	78,000
V	–	0.0	21	22	40	–	0.29	>45,000	34,400
VIa	–	0.05–0.2	19.5	11	54	–	0.37	20,000–30,000	14,100
VIb	–	0.0	21	13	60	–	0.37	>30,000	17,000

Forecasting the impact of buildings with multi-storey underground parts on the displacement of subsoil using modern numerical tools

Figures & Tables

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Figure 13

The juxtaposition of the vertical displacement values in [mm] of the land surface_ from the 3D numerical model in the analyzed implementation phases_ for the left side of the A–A test cross–section_

The juxtaposition of the vertical displacement values in [mm] of the land surface_ from the 3D numerical model in the analyzed implementation phases_ for the right side of the A–A test cross–section_

Subsoil parameters adopted in the model of the subsoil on the basis of the documentation [34]_

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