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Comparative Shear Tests of Bolt Rods Under Static and Dynamic Loading Cover

Comparative Shear Tests of Bolt Rods Under Static and Dynamic Loading

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica
Volume 42 (2020): Issue 2 (June 2020)
By:   
Open Access
|Jun 2020
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Diagram of a gallery working secured against the falling of a block with a weight W via roof bolting (Cała et al., 2001).

Figure 2

Test facility diagram for bolt rod single shear testing under static loading

Figure 3

Typical shape of the course Fs = f(L) as well as the area under the curve corresponding to the bolt rod shear work Ws under static loading. Where: Lc – Displacement until the point of rod shearing, mm.

Figure 4

The test facility during single shear impact testing of bolt rods by means of a 2429 kg mass: (a) diagram; (b) view; (c) loading diagram during test.

Figure 5

Typical shape of the course Fd = f(t) as well as the area under the curve corresponding to the impulse J of the force during bolt rod shearing. Where: t1 – time until the point of bolt rod shearing, s; Fa – average force during the test, kN.

Table 1

Basic rod dimensions and mechanical properties of steel.

Bolt typeGrade of steelEffective bolt rod diameter De, mmEffective area Ae, mm2Ultimate tensile strength Rm, MPaElongation at rupture A5, %
AM18A500S17.6243.3721.5±16.818
AM22A500sh21.6366.4762.3±4.323
APPAP600V19.7304.8681.3±2.924
APBAP77022.1383.6830.4±7.319
Figure 6

AM18 and AM22-type bolts: (a) and rod thread profile and cross section diagrams (b).

Table 2

Mechanical properties of AM18 and AM22 bolt rods under static shear loading.

Bolt typeMaximum force Fsmax, kNShear strength ts, MPaShear displacement Lc, mmWork Ws, kJ
AM18131.9 ± 4.7542.3 ± 19.38.6 ± 0.20.775 ± 0.061
AM22217.1 ± 6.7592.5 ± 18.49.7 ± 0.61.221 ± 0.131
Figure 7

Load Fs curves as functions of shear displacement L of bolt rods: (a) AM18; (b) AM22.

Figure 8

APP and APB-type bolt rods (a) and cross section diagrams (b).

Table 3

Mechanical properties of APP and APB bolt rods under static shear loading.

Bolt typeMaximum force Fsmax, kNShear strength ts, MPaShear displacement Lc, mmWork Ws, kJ
APP165.2 ± 2.7541.9 ± 9.09.1 ± 0.40.971 ± 0.036
APB235.1 ± 1.4612.8 ± 3.78.5 ± 0.21.340 ± 0.053
Figure 9

Load Fs curves as functions of shear displacement L of bolt rods: (a) APP; (b) APB.

Table 4

Mechanical properties of AM18 and AM22 bolt rods during single shearing under impact loading.

Bolt typeMaximum force Fdmax, kNShear strength td, MPaWork Wd, kJ
AM18135.3 ± 4.0556.0 ± 16.60.630 ± 0.032
AM22225.5 ± 7.0615.6 ± 19.11.203 ± 0.064
Figure 10

AM18 bolt rod load Fd curves as functions of time t: (a) the rod was shorn.; (b) the rod was not shorn.

Figure 11

AM22 bolt rod load Fd curves as functions of time t: (a) the rod was shorn.; (b) the rod was not shorn.

Table 5

Mechanical properties of APP and APB bolt rods during single shearing under impact loading.

Bolt typeMaximum force Fdmax, kNShear strength td, MPaWork Wd, kJ
APP174.2 ± 2.5571.6 ± 8.30.945 ± 0.033
APB252.0 ± 3.6656.9 ± 9.51.269 ± 0.062
Figure 12

APP bolt rod load Fd curves as functions of time t: (a) the rod was shorn; (b) the rod was not shorn.

Figure 13

APB bolt rod load Fd curves as functions of time t: (a) the rod was shorn; (b) the rod was not shorn.

Table 6

Comparison of bolt rod mechanical properties under static and dynamic loading (part 1).

Bolt typeGrade of steelFmax, kNRm, MPaFsmax, kNts, MPaWs, kJts/RmFdmax, kNtd, MPaWd, kJtd/Rm
AM18A500S175.5 ± 4.1721.5 ± 16.8131.9 ± 4.7542.3 ± 19.30.775 ± 0.0610.752135.3 ± 4.0556.0 ± 16.60.630 ± 0.0320.771
AM22A500sh279.3 ± 1.6762.3 ± 4.3217.1 ± 6.7592.5 ± 18.41.221 ± 0.1310.777225.5 ± 7.0615.6 ± 19.11.203 ± 0.0640.808
APPAP600V207.7 ± 0.9681.3 ± 2.9165.2 ± 2.7541.9 ± 9.00.971 ± 0.0360.795174.2 ± 2.5571.6 ± 8.30.945 ± 0.0330.839
APBAP770318.6 ± 2.8830.4 ± 7.3235.1 ± 1.4612.8 ± 3.71.340 ± 0.0530.738250.8 ± 1.9656.9 ± 9.51.269 ± 0.0620.791
Table 7

Comparison of bolt rod mechanical properties under static and dynamic loading (part 2).

Bolt typeFdmax/Fsmax, %td/ts, %Ed/Es, %
AM18102.6102.581.3
AM22103.9103.998.5
APP105.4105.597.3
APB106.7107.294.7
Figure 14

Samples view after single shear testing under impact loading.

Figure 15

Chart of the relationship J = f(v) obtained during APP bolt testing.

Figure 16

Estimated AM18 and AM22 bolt rod shearing functions during single shear testing under impact loading.

Figure 17

Estimated APP and APB bolt rod shearing functions during single shear testing under impact loading.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2019-0038 | Journal eISSN: 2083-831X (formerly 0137-124X) | Journal ISSN: 0137-6365
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Language: English
Page range: 151 - 167
Submitted on: Nov 20, 2019
Accepted on: Jan 29, 2020
Published on: Jun 30, 2020
Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
rock bolt,
laboratory bolt test,
static and dynamic single shear test,
shear work
Related subjects:
Geosciences,
Geosciences, other,
Materials sciences,
Composites,
Porous materials,
Physics,
Mechanics and fluid dynamics

© 2020 Andrzej Pytlik, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 42 (2020): Issue 2 (June 2020)
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