Abstract
The European culture during Middle Ages could only be taken as a complete civilization by the due emphasis on its religious faith. Therefore, the unity and the content of the Western part of the former Roman Empire is to be seen in the Cristian faith. Solely by this feature, Western Europe is to be seen as Respublica Christiana. And this is not a simple reference to the religious faith preached by the priests, but a sacred element that was infusing every aspect of life. It is not surprising that war, kingship, military expeditions, cultural rivalries and, finally, the economic domain, were all subjected to religious meanings. The retrieved economic prosperity is the new dimension that shakes the balance between the holy war of crusades, the ascesis of the religious orders and the economic development, finally heading towards the economic take-off of the ending Middle Ages.