Total organic carbon as a new index for monitoring trophic states in lakes

Dunalska, Julita

doi:10.2478/s13545-011-0022-7

Abstract

Total organic carbon (TOC) can be one of the parameters used to determine trophic state in lakes, as shown by the statistically significant correlation between TOC and chlorophyll, total phosphorus and Secchi disk transparency. Calculation of the TSI index based on TOC according to the formula TSI(TOC) = 20.59 + 15.71 ln(TOC) and its introduction as an additional index to the classification by Carlson may optimize the comparative analysis of lakes and allow a measurable assessment of lakes with respect to the trophic gradient.

References

[1] Carlson R. E., 1977, A trophic state index for lakes. Limniol. Oceanogr., 22: 361–369 http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1977.22.2.036110.4319/lo.1977.22.2.0361
Search in Google Scholar
[2] Carlson R. E., Simpson J., 1996, A Coordinator’s Guide to Volunteer Lake Monitoring Methods. North American Lake Management Society, pp. 96
Search in Google Scholar
[3] Carpenter S. R., Cole J. J., Kitchell J. F., Pace M. L., 1998, Impact of dissolved organic carbon, phosphorus, and grazing on phytoplankton biomass and production in experimental lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr., 43: 73–80 http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1998.43.1.007310.4319/lo.1998.43.1.0073
Search in Google Scholar
[4] Chróst R. J., Siuda W., 2006, Microbiol production, utilization, and enzymatic degradation of organic matter in the upper trophogenic layer in the pelagial zone of lakes along a eutrophication gradient. Limnol. Oceanogr., 51: 749–762 http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.074910.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0749
Search in Google Scholar
[5] Dunalska J., 2009, Variability of organic carbon forms in lake ecosystems of varying trophic state. Wyd. UWM Olsztyn, pp. 115. (in Polish with English summ)
Search in Google Scholar
[6] Elser J. J., Marzolf E. R., Goldman C. R., 1990, Phosphorus and nitrogen limitation of phytoplankton growth in freshwaters of North America: a review and critique of experimental enrichments. Can. J. Fish. Aquatic Sci., 47: 1468–1477 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f90-16510.1139/f90-165
Search in Google Scholar
[7] Górniak A., 2006, Jeziora Wigierskiego Parku Narodowego. Aktualna jakość i trofia wód. Wyd. Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku, pp. 176
Search in Google Scholar
[8] Häkanson L., 1995, Models to predict lake annual mean total phosphorus. J. Aquat. Ecol. Syst. Health, 4: 25–58 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF0004334310.1007/BF00043343
Search in Google Scholar
[9] Häkanson L., Boulion V.V., 2001, Regularities in primary production, Secchi depth and fish yield and a new system to define trophic and humic state indices for lake ecosystems. International Review of Hydrobiology, 86: 23–62 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1522-2632(200101)86:1<;23::AID-IROH23>3.0.CO;2-410.1002/1522-2632(200101)86:1<;23::AID-IROH23>3.0.CO;2-4
Search in Google Scholar
[10] Hanson P. C., Pollard A. I., Bade D. I., Predick K., Carpenter S. R., Foley J. A., 2004, A model of carbon evasion and sedimentation in temperate lakes. Global Change Biology, 10: 1285–1298 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00805.x10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00805.x
Search in Google Scholar
[11] Hillbricht-Ilkowska A., Kajak Z., 1986, Parametry i wskaźniki przydatne do kontroli zmian funkcjonalnych w ekosystemach jeziornych ulegających procesowi eutrofizacji. [w:] Hillbricht-Ilkowska A., (red.): Monitoring ekosystemów jeziornych. Ossolineum, Wrocław, 23–45
Search in Google Scholar
[12] Kalff J., 2002, Limnology, Prentice-Hall Inc., Upper Saddle River
Search in Google Scholar
[13] Kratzer C.R., Brezonik P.L., 1981, A Carlson-type trophic state index for nitrogen in Florida lakes. Water Resarch Bulletin, 17: 713–715 10.1111/j.1752-1688.1981.tb01282.x
Search in Google Scholar
[14] Matthews R., Hilles M., Pelletier G., 2002, Determining trophic state in Lake Whatcom, Washington (USA), a soft water lake exhibiting seasonal nitrogen limitation. Hydrobiologia, 468: 107–121 http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:101528851912210.1023/A:1015288519122
Search in Google Scholar
[15] McCauley E., Downing J. A., Watson S., 1989, Sigmoid relationships between nutrients and chlorophyll among lakes. Can. J. Fish. Aquatic Sci., 46: 1171–1175 http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-15210.1139/f89-152
Search in Google Scholar
[16] Minor E. C., Simjouw J. P., Mulholland M. R., 2006, Seasonal variations in dissolved organic carbon concentrations and characteristics in a shallow coastal bay. Marine Chemistry, 101: 166–179 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2006.02.00510.1016/j.marchem.2006.02.005
Search in Google Scholar
[17] Nürnberg G. K., 2001, Eutrophication and Trophic State. LakeLine, 21: 29–33
Search in Google Scholar
[18] Nürnberg G. K., Shaw M., 1998, Productivity of clear and humic lakes: Nutrients, phytoplankton, bacteria. Hydrobiologia, 382: 97–112 http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:100344540696410.1023/A:1003445406964
Search in Google Scholar
[19] OECD, 1982, Eutrophication of water, monitoring, assesment and control. Paris, pp. 150
Search in Google Scholar
[20] Pyka J.P., Zdanowski B., Stawecki K., Prusik S., 2007, Trends In environmental changes in the selected lakes of the Mazury and Suwałki Lakelands. Limnological Review, 7(2): 101–109
Search in Google Scholar
[21] Standard Methods for examination of water and wastewater, 1999, Am. Publ. Health ASN. New York
Search in Google Scholar
[22] Thurman E.M., 1986, Organic geochemistry of natural waters. Martinus Nijhoff/Dr. w. Junk, Boston 10.1007/978-94-009-5095-5
Search in Google Scholar
[23] Vollenweider R.A., 1976, Advances in defining critical loading level for phosphorus in lake eutrophication. Mem. Inst. Ital. Hdrobiol., 33: 53–83
Search in Google Scholar
[24] Wetzel R.G., 1992, Gradient-dominated ecosystems: sources and regulatory functions of dissolved organic matter in freshwater ecosystems. Hydrobiologia, 229: 181–198 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF0000700010.1007/BF00007000
Search in Google Scholar
[25] Zdanowski B., 1982, Variability of nitrogen and phosphorus contents and lake eutrophication. Pol. Arch. Hydrobiol., 29: 541–597
Search in Google Scholar
[26] Zdanowski B., 1983, Ecological characteristics of lakes in north-eastern Poland versus their trophic gradient, III. Chemistry of the water in 41 lakes. IV. Chemistry of bottom sediments in 37 lakes, V. Chlorophyll content and visibility of Secchi’s disc in 46 lakes. Ekologia Polska, 31: 287–352
Search in Google Scholar
[27] Zdanowski B., Stawecki K., Pyka J., Dunalska J., Hutorowicz J., Prusik S., 2006, Changes in the environmental conditions of mesotrophic lakes in the river-lake system of the Marózka and upper Łyna rivers (Mazurian Lakeland, Poland). Arch. Pol. Fish., 14(2): 283–300
Search in Google Scholar

Total organic carbon as a new index for monitoring trophic states in lakes

Abstract

Paradigm

My account