Assessing the Impact of the Digital Divide on Indian Society: A Study of Social Exclusion

Items	Parameters	Frequency	Percentage
Gender	male	261	65.3
Gender	female	139	34.8
Age	16 years–25 years	286	71.5
	26 years–35 years	91	22.8
	36 years–45 years	17	4.3
	46 years–55 years	6	1.5
Educational background	secondary	1	0.3
	intermediate	69	17.3
	graduate	162	40.5
	postgraduate	152	38.0
	PhD	16	4.0
Income^*	Rs. 10,000–Rs. 20,000	115	28.7
	Rs. 21,000–Rs. 30,000	46	11.5
	Rs. 31,000–Rs. 40,000	29	7.2
	Rs. 41,000–Rs. 50,000	55	13.8
	Above Rs. 50,000	155	38.8
Occupation	student	305	76.3
	government employee	23	5.8
	private sector	47	11.8
	other	25	6.3
Caste^**	general	160	40.0
	OBC	180	45.5
	SC	32	8.0
	ST	28	7.0
Total		400	100

Source: Researcher's analysis generated through SPSS 25

* 1 INR=0.013 USD

** Caste refers to hereditary classes into which people are divided in a Hindu society.

One-Sample Test for Independent Variable

	Test value = 5
	t	df	sig. (2-tailed)	mean difference	95% confidence interval of the difference
					lower	upper
Item 1	−27.380	399	.000	−1.555	−1.67	−1.44
Item 2	−33.044	399	.000	−1.757	−1.86	−1.65
Item 3	−20.616	399	.000	−.957	−1.05	−.87
Item 4	−21.877	399	.000	−.880	−.96	−.80
Item 5	−21.237	399	.000	−.728	−.79	−.66
Item 6	−23.109	399	.000	−.648	−.70	−.59
Item 7	−25.028	399	.000	−.992	−1.07	−.91
Item 8	−16.199	399	.000	−.540	−.61	−.47

[i] Source: Researcher's analysis generated through SPSS 25

One-Sample Test For Dependent Variable

	Test value = 5
	t	df	sig. (2-tailed)	mean difference	95% confidence interval of the difference
					lower	upper
Item 1	−25.314	399	.000	−1.240	−1.34	−1.14
Item 2	−26.676	399	.000	−1.223	−1.31	−1.13
Item 3	−25.368	399	.000	−1.000	−1.08	−.92
Item 4	−22.000	399	.000	−.907	−.99	−.83
Item 5	−26.519	399	.000	−.857	−.92	−.79

[i] Source: Researcher's analysis generated through SPSS 25

One-Way ANOVA for Gender, Age, & Education

ITEMS	GENDER		AGE		EDUCATION
ITEMS	F	Sig.	F	Sig.	F	Sig.
Item 1	.226	.635	26.541	.000	1.539	.190
Item 2	.071	.790	10.835	.000	.653	.625
Item 3	1.816	.179	6.956	.000	.538	.708
Item 4	4.029	.045	2.156	.093	3.395	.010
Item 5	7.846	.005	8.480	.000	1.783	.131
Item 6	.877	.350	5.857	.001	4.544	.001
Item 7	.274	.601	5.349	.001	1.834	.122
Item 8	4.265	.040	21.920	.000	1.337	.255
Item 9	9.435	.002	7.532	.000	3.554	.007
Item 10	3.787	.052	8.477	.000	1.129	.342
Item 11	5.817	.016	3.350	.019	.439	.781
Item 12	10.483	.001	8.954	.000	.514	.726
Item 13	7.927	.005	10.866	.000	1.398	.234

[i] Source: Researcher's analysis generated through SPSS 25

One-Way ANOVA for Income, Occupation, and Caste

ITEMS	INCOME		OCCUPATION		CASTE
ITEMS	F	Sig.	F	Sig.	F	Sig.
Item 1	5.960	.000	.487	.692	3.479	.016
Item 2	5.059	.001	1.744	.157	8.066	.000
Item 3	2.369	.052	3.969	.008	.486	.692
Item 4	2.002	.093	7.643	.000	8.354	.000
Item 5	1.008	.403	3.304	.020	1.970	.118
Item 6	.860	.488	3.408	.018	2.138	.095
Item 7	1.639	.164	2.883	.036	2.495	.060
Item 8	4.828	.001	5.374	.001	2.085	.102
Item 9	2.387	.051	9.348	.000	2.895	.035
Item 10	.063	.993	13.559	.000	4.849	.003
Item 11	4.279	.002	7.934	.000	5.437	.001
Item 12	5.263	.000	12.666	.000	4.013	.008
Item 13	5.159	.000	14.737	.000	3.727	.012