Biomarkers of acute kidney injury: a concise review of current literature
Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI), a medical condition associated with increased hospitalization rates which requires interdisciplinary management, is a major health concern because of the burden it places on the health systems of different countries. Biomarkers represent the focus of recent years in furthering the early diagnosis of AKI, providing new opportunities for correct prophylaxis or early therapeutic intervention so that the evolution of patients with this pathology is favorable and the risk of life-threatening complications is negligible.
Methods
We performed an extensive literature search on PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, using keywords related to bio-markers for AKI. We searched for acute kidney injury (AKI), cystatin C (CYS-C), galectin-3 (GAL-3), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP). We included a high number of papers, with an emphasis on more recent publications.
Results
Studies that analyzed the biomarkers for AKI show that CYS-C, GAL-3, KIM-1, NGAL, IL-8, calprotectin, and proteinuria were noted as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of AKI.
Conclusions
Biomarkers represent the focus of recent years in furthering an early diagnosis of AKI, providing new opportunities for correct prophylaxis or early therapeutic intervention.
© 2024 Ileana Adela Văcăroiu, Andra Elena Balcangiu-Stroescu, Larisa Florina Șerban-Feier, Elena Cuiban, Ioana Sorina Simion, Iulia Ioana Stănescu-Spînu, Daniela Miricescu, Maria Greabu, Liviu Vasile Chiperi, Daniela Gabriela Bălan, published by Romanian Association of Laboratory Medicine
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.