Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Concentration ranges of elemental oxides in EAF slag aggregate samples (0–32 mm) determined by ICP-MS after microwave-assisted digestion
| Parameter | Concentration (%) |
|---|---|
| FeO and Fe2O3 | 33–46 |
| CaO | 20–35 |
| SiO2 | 10–20 |
| MgO | 3–13 |
| Al2O3 | 3–6 |
| Mn2O5 | 3–5 |
| Cr2O3 | 1–3 |
ICP–MS operating parameters for determination of element concentrations
| Parameter | Type/value | Helium mode | No gas mode |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sample introduction | |||
| Nebuliser | Mira Mist | ||
| Spray chamber | Scott | ||
| Skimmer and sampler | Ni | ||
| Plasma conditions | |||
| Forward power | 1,550 W | ||
| Plasma gas flow | 15.0 L/min | ||
| Carrier gas flow | 1.05 L/min | 0.75 L/min | |
| Dilution gas flow | 0.10 L/min | 0.45 L/min | |
| He gas flow | 4.5 mL/min | ||
| Quadrupole (QP) bias | −15 V | −3.6 V | |
| Octapole (Oct) bias | −18 V | −8.0 V | |
| Cell entrance | −40 V | −40 V | |
| Cell exit | −60 V | −50 V | |
| Deflect | −2.2 V | 13.4 V | |
| Plate bias | −60 V | −40 V | |
| Sample uptake rate | 0.3 mL/min | ||
| Data acquisition parameters | |||
| Isotopes monitored | 52Cr, 60Ni, 63Cu, 66Zn, 75As, 78Se, 95Mo | 137Cd, 121Sb, 111Ba, 201Hg, 208Pb | |
| Isotopes of internal standards | 45Sc, 72Ge, 103Rh, 115In | 45Sc, 72Ge, 103Rh, 115In |
Concentrations of As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se and Zn in aqueous leachates (a liquid-to-solid ratio of 10 L/kg) of bulk natural aggregate, bulk aged EAF slag aggregate (0–32 mm) and bulk mixed aggregate from the aged EAF slag aggregate (natural aggregate-to-slag aggregate ratio 30/70) determined by ICP-MS and the content of chlorides, fluorides and sulphates determined by spectrophotometry
| Parameter | Natural aggregate | EAF slag aggregate (0–30 mm) | Mixed aggregate (natural aggregate-to-slag aggregate ratio 30/70) | Concentration limits for inert waste* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| As (mg/kg) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.5 |
| Ba (mg/kg) | <0.02 | 14 | 2.2 | 20 |
| Cd (mg/kg) | <0.002 | <0.002 | <0.002 | 0.04 |
| Total Cr (mg/kg) | <0.002 | 1.4 | 0.95 | 0.5 |
| Cu (mg/kg) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 2 |
| Hg (mg/kg) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.01 |
| Mo (mg/kg) | <0.002 | 0.26 | 0.24 | 0.5 |
| Ni (mg/kg) | <0.002 | <0.002 | <0.002 | 0.4 |
| Pb (mg/kg) | <0.005 | 0.45 | 0.15 | 0.5 |
| Sb (mg/kg) | <0.001 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.06 |
| Se (mg/kg) | <0.003 | <0.003 | <0.003 | 0.1 |
| Zn (mg/kg) | <0.005 | 1.95 | 0.2 | 4 |
| Chlorides (mg/kg) | <7 | <7 | <7 | 800 |
| Fluorides (mg/kg) | <1 | 4.59 | <1 | 10 |
| Sulphates (mg/kg) | <10 | 19.5 | <10 | 1000 |
| pH | 8.7 | 12.5 | 12.0 | / |
Concentrations of elements in standard reference material SPS-SW1 (reference material for measurements of elements in surface waters) determined by ICP-MS
| Parameter | Certified concentration (mg/L) | Determined concentration (mg/L) |
|---|---|---|
| As | 10.0 ± 0.1 | 10.4 ± 0.3 |
| Ba | 50 ± 1 | 52 ± 1 |
| Cd | 0.50 ± 0.01 | 0.48 ± 0.01 |
| Total Cr | 2.00 ± 0.02 | 1.97 ± 0.02 |
| Cu | 20 ± 1 | 19.6 ± 0.3 |
| Mo | 10.0 ± 0.1 | 9.8 ± 0.2 |
| Ni | 10.0 ± 0.1 | 10.2 ± 0.3 |
| Pb | 5.0 ± 0.1 | 4.91 ± 0.01 |
| Se | 2.00 ± 0.02 | 2.03 ± 0.02 |
| Zn | 20a | 21.0 ± 0.2 |
Concentrations of chlorides, fluorides and sulphates in reference material Anions – Whole Volume determined by spectrophotometry
| Parameter | Certified concentration (mg/L) | Determined concentration (mg/L) |
|---|---|---|
| Chlorides | 95.0 ± 9.50 | 92.5 ± 5.0 |
| Fluorides | 1.17 ± 0.117 | 1.14 ±0.06 |
| Sulphates | 44.3 ± 4.43 | 42.5 ± 2.0 |
Concentrations of elements in certified reference material CRM 320R (Trace Elements in River Sediment) determined by ICP-MS after microwave-assisted digestion
| Element | Certified (mg/kg) | Determined (mg/kg) |
|---|---|---|
| Fe | 25,700 ± 1,300 | 24,350 ± 700 |
| Mn | 910 ± 50 | 940 ± 30 |
| Cr | 59 ± 4 | 61 ± 2 |