Abstract
A number of different types of information are generally associated with places. It is estimated that about 75–90% of information may contain an official link to a specific area, expressed as, for example, coordinates, or addresses, and therefore has a spatial character, making data collection a responsible and important stage, which reasonably affects the quality of its results. Information and its sources are treated with particular care and rigor in the scientific field: in most cases, the data must be relevant, reliable, technically simple, and collected quickly at reasonable costs. The analysis of geographic information makes it possible to obtain qualitatively new information and reveal previously unknown patterns. Modern data collection methods are divided into three distinct groups: terrestrial, cartographic, and remote. Remote or aerospace methods are considered to be those that allow information to be collected. It refers to objects on the Earth’s surface, phenomena, or processes from space or the atmosphere, recorded by detecting electromagnetic radiation on the ground across various spectral ranges. The involvement of various platforms (providers) of surveillance equipment makes it possible to divide them into: space, aerial photography, and images from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). As a technology justified on security grounds, UAVs show great promise in many areas of application. Effective planning of drone missions allows for the collection of larger sets of data with a higher level of detail and in a shorter period of time. The continuity of information collection for a given territory allows for the most accurate and reliable three-dimensional modelling, spatial analysis and geostatistics of the local situation.