Monitoring and forecasting spatio-temporal LULC for Akure rainforest habitat in Nigeria

Figures & Tables

		Classified Data	Bare Land	Built-Up Area	Cultivated Land	Forest Cover	Grassland	Total	User Accuracy (%)
December 1999		Bare Land	37	2	0	0	1	40	92.50
		Built-Up Area	2	32	0	0	0	34	94.12
		Cultivated Land	0	0	31	1	2	34	91.18
		Forest Cover	1	1	2	34	0	38	89.47
		Grassland	1	0	1	0	33	35	94.29
		Total	41	35	34	35	36	181
		Producer Accuracy (%)	90.24	91.43	91.18	97.14	91.67
			Overall Accuracy = 92.27%; Kappa Statistics = 0.89; KHisto = 0.96; KLoc = 0.93

November 2009	Bare Land		31	6	0	0	2	39	79.49
	Built-Up Area		1	34	0	0	0	35	97.14
	Cultivated Land		1	0	33	1	2	37	89.19
	Forest Cover		0	0	1	30	2	33	90.91
	Grassland		0	0	2	1	34	37	91.89
	Total		33	40	36	32	40	181
	Producer Accuracy (%)		93.34	85.00	91.67	93.75	85.00
			Overall Accuracy = 89.50%; Kappa Statistics = 0.84; KHisto = 0.91; KLoc = 0.92

January 2019	Bare Land		34	1	0	0	0	35	97.14
	Built-Up Area		2	46	0	0	0	48	95.83
	Cultivated Land		0	0	31	1	1	33	93.94
	Forest Cover		1	1	1	29	0	32	90.63
	Grassland		0	0	2	1	30	33	90.91
	Total		37	48	34	31	31	181
	Producer Accuracy (%)		91.89	95.83	91.18	93.55	96.77
			Overall Accuracy = 93.92%; Kappa Statistics = 0.91; KHisto = 0.93; KLoc = 0.98

S/N	Instrument	Scene Identifier	Bands Stacked	Cloud Cover (%)	Geometric RMSE Model (m)
1	Landsat 7 ETM+	LE71900551999347AGS01	1–8	11.00	3.59
2	Landsat 7 ETM+	LE71900552009326ASN00	1–8	8.00	4.22
3	Landsat 8 OLI	LC81900552019010LGN00	1–9	13.02	7.52

Land Cover	1999		2009		2019

	Area [km²]	Area [%]	Area [km²]	Area [%]	Area [km²]	Area [%]
Bare Land	513.230	50.97	379.888	37.73	87.207	8.66
Built-Up Area	19.886	1.98	163.612	16.25	489.400	48.61
Cultivated Land	5.466	0.54	16.351	1.62	106.000	10.52
Forest Cover	102.445	10.18	135.024	13.41	143.644	14.27
Grassland	365.837	36.33	311.989	30.99	180.613	17.94

TOTAL	1,006.864	100.00	1,006.864	100.00	1,006.864	100.00