FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 2.
FIGURE 3.
Skeletal element parts based on CT scan analysis for genetic identification sampling
| SKELETAL ELEMENT | BONE PART | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Patella | Apex, anterior surface, posterior surface |
| 2 | Calcaneus | Posterior process, body, sulcus, anterior process |
| 3 | Talus | Head, sulcus, opposite side of talar sulcus, trochlea, posterior calcaneal articular facet |
| 4 | Navicular bone | Proximal articular surface, distal articular surface, tuberosity |
| 5 | Cuboid bone | Proximal articular surface, tuberosity, distal articular surface |
| 6 | Medial cuneiform bone | Proximal articular surface, medial surface, distal articular surface |
Bone density values (mean, standard deviations, most extreme differences) and tests for normality of the distribution of Hounsfield units (HU) values for each skeletal element
| SKELETAL ELEMENT | PATELLA | CALCANEUS | TALUS | NAVICULAR BONE | CUBOID BONE | MEDIAL CUNEIFORM BONE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 45 | 104 | 60 | 102 | 87 | 63 | |
| Normal Parametersa,b | Mean | 382.71 | 250.71 | 255.37 | 271.25 | 145.91 | 321.37 |
| Standard deviation | 605.23 | 599.16 | 487.60 | 640.98 | 420.08 | 493.63 | |
| Most extreme differences | Absolute | 0.28 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.14 |
| Positive | 0.17 | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.11 | 0.14 | |
| Negative | -0.28 | -0.15 | -0.12 | -0.13 | -0.12 | -0.09 | |
| Test statistic | 0.28 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.14 | |
| Asymptotic significance (2-tailed) | < 0.01c | < 0.01c | < 0.01c | < 0.01c | < 0.01c | <0.01c | |
Bone density values (average, minimum and maximum) in Hounsfield units (HU) for individual bone parts of 6 skeletal elements
| SKELETAL ELEMENT | AVERAGE HU | MIN HU VALUE | MAX HU VALUE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patella | Apex | 747.8 | 322.0 | 999.7 |
| Patella | Anterior surface | 837.9 | 509.4 | 1100.2 |
| Patella | Posterior surface | -437.6 | -592.0 | -176.3 |
| Calcaneus | Posterior process | 325.6 | 94.5 | 872.5 |
| Calcaneus | Body | -618.9 | -856.4 | -322.5 |
| Calcaneus | Sulcus | 900.8 | 299.5 | 1257.8 |
| Calcaneus | Anterior process | 395.4 | 109.0 | 1004.0 |
| Talus | Head | -209.3 | -464.9 | -54.8 |
| Talus | Sulcus | 613.5 | 243.9 | 1012.1 |
| Talus | Opposite side of talar sulcus | 613.5 | 100.9 | 1019.2 |
| Talus | Trochlea | -275.4 | -518.0 | -72.3 |
| Talus | Posterior calcaneal articular facet | 534.6 | 112.3 | 1033.2 |
| Navicular bone | Proximal articular surface | 850.6 | 291.2 | 1180.1 |
| Navicular bone | Distal articular surface | 523.0 | 129.2 | 1017.0 |
| Navicular bone | Tuberosity | -559.9 | -827.5 | -163.9 |
| Cuboid bone | Proximal articular surface | 370.6 | 92.6 | 833.7 |
| Cuboid bone | Tuberosity | 506.2 | 103.0 | 860.3 |
| Cuboid bone | Distal articular surface | -349.0 | -646.7 | -26.2 |
| Medial cuneiform bone | Proximal articular surface | 371.4 | 103.6 | 1140.0 |
| Medial cuneiform bone | Medial surface | 838.5 | 374.0 | 1202.5 |
| Medial cuneiform bone | Distal articular surface | -245.8 | -495.1 | -107.1 |