FIGURE 1.
Patient and tumor characteristics in the no tumor rupture group and the tumor rupture group
| No tumor rupture (N = 86) | Tumor rupture (N = 14) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n (%) | |||
| Male | 59 (69) | 9 (64) | 0.8 |
| Female | 27 (31) | 5 (36) | |
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 60 (52–67) | 60 (49–68) | 0.9 |
| Tumor size (mm), median (IQR) | 30 (23–40) | 37 (30–48) | 0.2 |
| RENAL nephrometry score, median (IQR)* | 7 (5–8) | 8 (6.25–9.75) | 0.028 |
| Laterality, n (%) | |||
| Right kidney | 40 (47) | 6 (43) | 0.8 |
| Left kidney | 46 (53) | 8 (57) | |
| Tumor localization, n (%) | |||
| Upper third | 24 (28) | 5(36) | 0.8 |
| Middle third | 34 (39) | 5 (36) | |
| Lower third | 28 (33) | 4 (28) | |
| Preoperative CT/MRI, n (%) | |||
| Tumor | 72 (84) | 13 (93) | 0.4 |
| Cystic | 14 (16) | 1 (7) | |
Pathologic characteristics and oncologic outcome in the no tumor rupture group and the tumor rupture group
| No tumor rupture (N = 86), n (%) | Tumor rupture (N = 14), n (%) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Histology | 0.043 | ||
| Benign | 8 (9) | 1 (7) | |
| Oncocytoma | 7 (8) | 1 (7) | |
| Clear cell RCC | 44 (51) | 2 (14) | |
| Papillary RCC | 15 (17) | 8 (57) | |
| Chromophobe RCC | 5 (6) | 1 (7) | |
| Clear cell papillary RCC | 4 (5) | 0 (0) | |
| Other types of RCC | 3 (3) | 1 (7) | |
| WHO/ISUP grade (RCC) | 0.6 | ||
| 1 | 21 (35) | 2 (25) | |
| 2 | 35 (58) | 6 (75) | |
| 3 | 4 (7) | 0 (0) | |
| Pathologic stage | 0.4 | ||
| 1a | 58 (82) | 9 (75) | |
| 1b | 9 (13) | 2 (17) | |
| 2a | 1 (1) | 1 (8) | |
| 3 | 3 (4) | 0 (0) | |
| Positive surgical margins | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 0.7 |
| Local or distant recurrence | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Perioperative and postoperative outcomes in the no tumor rupture group and the tumor rupture group
| No tumor rupture (N = 86) | Tumor rupture (N = 14) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operative time (min), median (IQR) | 140 (115–171) | 147 (135–168) | 0.4 |
| WIT (min), median (IQR) | 15 (12–19) | 22 (15–25) | 0.026 |
| No clamping, n (%) | 8 (9) | 0 (0) | |
| Length of stay after surgery (days), median (IQR) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (2–3) | 0.8 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L), median (IQR) | |||
| Preoperative | 80 (73–94) | 80 (77–87) | 0.9 |
| 2 days after RAPN | 80 (70–98) | 80 (75–89) | 0.6 |
| Variation | 1 (−7 to 7) | 1 (−7 to 8) | 0.7 |
| Intraoperative EBL (mL), median (IQR) | 20 (0–50) | 50 (20–100) | 0.13 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L), median (IQR) | |||
| Preoperative | 148 (140–155) | 148 (144–152) | 0.7 |
| 2 days after RAPN | 125 (119–133) | 125 (122–129) | 0.8 |
| Variation | 22 (14–27) | 25 (20–27) | 0.6 |
| Transfusions, n (%) | 3 (3) | 0 | |
| Major complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3), n (%) | 2 (2) | 0 | |
| Conversions to radical nephrectomy, n (%) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | |