Figure 1
Flow diagram of the study.
Table 1
Baseline demographics and surgical procedure
| Group | CR (N = 38) | CO (N = 38) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 54 ± 14 | 55 ± 16 | 0.69 |
| Weight (kg) | 79 ± 16 | 76 ± 15 | 0.45 |
| Gender (M/F) | 17/21 | 14/24 | 0.32 |
| ASA (I/II/III) | 8/19/11 | 7/24/7 | 0.46 |
| First operation/reoperation | 33/5 | 36/2 | 0.43 |
| Patient position | |||
| Supine | 24 | 22 | 0.48 |
| Lateral | |||
| Sitting | 13 | 12 | |
| Prone | 1 0 | 2 2 | |
| Localization | |||
| Supratentorial/infratentorial | 33/5 | 33/5 | 0.63 |
| Type of surgery | |||
| Craniotomy/endoscopic | 35/3 | 37/1 | 0.50 |
| Duration of procedure (min) | 195 ± 60 | 209 ± 101 | 0.49 |
| Duration of anaesthesia (min) | 242 ± 64 | 247 ± 105 | 0.82 |
Table 2
Intraoperative and postoperative variables and outcome
| Group Intraoperative data | CR | CO | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Propofol (mg) | 1355 ± 451 | 1307 ± 766 | 0.74 |
| Remifentanil (mg) | 15 ± 8 | 13 ± 8 | 0.25 |
| Total loss of blood (ml) | 311 ± 262 | 461 ± 486 | 0.09 |
| Urine volume (ml) | 996 ± 510 | 772 ± 655 | 0.99 |
| Total fluids (ml) | 2250 ± 1000 | 2122 ± 758 | 0.53 |
| Blood transfusion (ml) | 17 ± 107 | 73 ± 203 | 0.14 |
| Fresh frozen plasma (ml) | 13 ± 78 | 61 ± 185 | 0.14 |
| Fluid optimization boluses (1/2/3/>3 times) | 5/6/2/14 | 8/13/6/9 | 0.16 |
| Consumption of optimization fluid (ml) | 1120 ± 816 | 653 ± 365 | 0.003* |
| Intraoperative hypotension (1/2/3/>3 times) | 9/7/6/8 | 6/7/3/6 | 0.88 |
| Vasoactive drugs | |||
| (1/2/3/>3 times/infusion) | 6/4/4//3/11 | 6/5/1/5/5 | 0.41 |
| Phenylephrine (mcg) | 874 ± 1632 | 210 ± 530 | 0.02* |
| Ephedrine (mg) | 8 ± 10 | 7 ± 13 | 0.64 |
| Urapidil (mg) | 3 ± 10 | 3 ± 8 | 0.88 |
| Metoprolol (mg) | 0.13 ± 0.8 | 0.13 ± 0.8 | 1 |
| Atropine (mg) | 0.07 ± 0.2 | 0.08 ± 0.2 | 0.7 |
| Tromboelastometry (normal/ pathological) | 33/5 | 33/4 | 0.57 |
| Lactate (mmol/l) | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 0.88 ± 0.5 | 0.1 |
| Haemoglobin (g/l) | 120±13 | 115 ± 12 | 0.1 |
| Postoperative data (24 h) | |||
| Arterial pressure (normal/low/high) | 37/1/0 | 34/0/4 | 0.08 |
| Postoperative CT of the head (good/ | 30/6/1/1 | 28/6/4/0 | 0.41 |
| oedema/haematoma/other) | |||
| Total fluids (ml) | 1693 ± 520 | 1772 ± 684 | 0.57 |
| Urine volume (ml) | 1382 ± 660 | 1297 ± 735 | 0.59 |
| Lactate (mmol/l) | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 0.95 ± 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Haemoglobin (g/l) | 123 ± 17 | 119 ± 13 | 0.29 |
| Postoperative data (15 days) | |||
| No difference (comparing to data before surgery) Death | 23 1 | 23 0 | 0.41 |
| Wound infection | 1 | 0 | |
| Inflammation | 0 | 1 | |
| Pulmonary (pneumonia/embolism) | 0/0 | 0/2 | |
| Neurological complications (minor/ major) | 13/0 | 12/0 | |
| Hospital stay (days) | 9 ± 4 | 9 ± 5 | 0.70 |