Spatial-Temporal Trend Analysis of Rainfall Erosivity and Erosivity Density of Tropical Area in Air Bengkulu Watershed, Indonesia

Figures & Tables

No	Station	Coordinates		Length of record		Elevation	Month Rainfall
		Latitude	Longitude	Length of record		Elevation	min	max	μ	σ
		[S]	[E]	Period	Years	[m]	[mm]
1	Anak Dalam	−3.70339	102.46	2010–2020	11	149	27	601	256	131
2	Jayakarta	−3.815	102.37	2008–2020	13	39	20	763	261	154
3	Merigi Sakti	−3.65281	102.4022	2011–2020	10	149	10	854	303	157
4	Taba Penanjung	−3.70339	102.5112	2006–2020	15	149	19	773	312	158
5	Karang Tinggi	−3.74707	102.4333	2013–2020	8	84	13	717	253	141
6	Pagar Jati	−3.60677	102.381	2010–2020	11	136	49	476	249	93
7	RM Liku Sembilan	−3.69774	102.5264	2014–2020	7	149	114	478	261	84
8	Tanjung Heran	−3.67209	102.5454	2014–2020	7	149	102	550	268	105
9	Taba Teret	−3.68685	102.5339	2014–2020	7	149	128	509	261	93
10	Talang empat	−3.78407	102.3635	2010–2020	10	30	49	667	257	113
11	Muara Bangkahulu	−3.768	102.29	2010–2020	11	30	11	606	231	125
12	Padang Harapan	−3.82169	102.29	2011–2020	10	30	6	834	249	156
13	Meteo Bengkulu	−3.863	102.328	2011–2020	10	30	5	591	249	143
14	Tanjung Agung	−3.79222	102.3204	2010–2020	11	29	23	927	297	176
15	UNIB	−3.75894	102.27	2011–2020	10	8.5	16	585	262	143
16	Pulau Baai	−3.881	102.308	2006–2020	15	20	14	609	266	136
17	Talang Pauh	−3.694	102.25	2011–2020	10	24	11	1033	294	192
18	Disperta Bengkulu	−3.81271	102.3061	2016–2020	5	8.5	75	491	247	93
19	Fatmawati	−3.85826	102.3368	2011–2020	10	24	5	764	263	156

No	Station	Eq. Regression			Spearman's Rho		Mann Kendall		Trend
No	Station	r²	β₁	β₀	r_s	Z_sr	s	Z_s	Trend
1	Anak Dalam	0.938^*	0.005	−0.698	0.963^*	40.427	−436	−0.473	Decreasing
2	Jayakarta	0.879^*	0.005	−0.498	0.929^*	31.512	−10	−0.381	Decreasing
3	Merigi Sakti	0.911^*	0.005	−0.666	0.964^*	39.215	147	0.181	Increasing
4	Taba Penanjung	0.937^*	0.004	−0.524	0.972^*	55.033	416	0.278	Increasing
5	Karang Tinggi	0.969^*	0.006	−0.731	0.986^*	57.025	28	0.047	Increasing
6	Pagar Jati	0.923^*	0.006	−0.668	0.956^*	37.012	−69	−0.075	Decreasing
7	RM Liku Sembilan	0.970^*	0.005	−0.469	0.989^*	60.176	−287	0.612	Increasing
8	Tanjung Heran	0.984^*	0.005	−0.643	0.994^*	81.788	−147	0.314	Increasing
9	Taba Teret	0.989^*	0.005	−0.657	0.993^*	75.664	−24	0.053	Increasing
10	Talang empat	0.949^*	0.005	−0.680	0.980^*	55.934	−104	−0.112	Decreasing
11	Muara Bangkahulu	0.863^*	0.005	−0.400	0.949^*	34.188	396	0.423	Increasing
12	Padang Harapan	0.881^*	0.005	−0.516	0.950^*	32.909	137	0.168	Increasing
13	Meteo Bengkulu	0.887^*	0.005	−0.455	0.953^*	34.024	188	0.321	Increasing
14	Tanjung Agung	0.942^*	0.005	−0.716	0.974^*	48.831	−29	0.032	Increasing
15	UNIB	0.913^*	0.004	−0.505	0.957^*	35.684	75	0.092	Increasing
16	Pulau Baai	0.907^*	0.005	−0.545	0.961^*	46.232	−22	−0.015	Decreasing
17	Talang Pauh	0.795^*	0.004	−0.301	0.904^*	22.871	151	0.186	Increasing
18	Disperta Bengkulu	0.967^*	0.005	−0.592	0.993^*	75.664	−19	0.042	Increasing
19	Fatmawati	0.960^*	0.005	−0.623	0.978^*	50.712	147	0.181	Increasing

No	Station	Homogeneity			Normality
No	Station	Rainfall	Rainfall erosivity	Erosivity density	Rainfall	Rainfall erosivity	Erosivity density
1	Anak Dalam	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
2	Jayakarta	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
3	Merigi Sakti	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
4	Taba Penanjung	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
5	Karang Tinggi	NS	NS	NS	S	S	S
6	Pagar Jati	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
7	RM Liku Sembilan	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
8	Tanjung Heran	NS	S	NS	S	S	S
9	Taba Teret	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
10	Talang empat	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
11	Muara Bangkahulu	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
12	Padang Harapan	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
13	Meteo Bengkulu	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
14	Tanjung Agung	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
15	UNIB	NS	S	NS	S	S	S
16	Pulau Baai	NS	S	NS	S	S	S
17	Talang Pauh	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
18	Disperta Bengkulu	S	NS	NS	S	S	S
19	Fatmawati	S	NS	NS	S	S	S

No	Station	Eq. Regression			Spearman's Rho		Mann Kendall		Trend
No	Station	r²	β₁	β₀	r_s	Z_sr	s	Z_s	Trend
1	Anak Dalam	0.971^*	3.950	−762.095	0.983^*	60.572	−205	−0.223	Decreasing
2	Jayakarta	0.953^*	3.021	501.154	0.974^*	53.353	993	0.825	Increasing
3	Merigi Sakti	0.948^*	3.535	−720.338	0.984^*	59.739	303	0.374	Increasing
4	Taba Penanjung	0.964^*	2.730	509.743	0.986^*	78.670	725	0.485	Increasing
5	Karang Tinggi	0.983^*	3.651	−637.470	0.993^*	81.075	159	0.090	Increasing
6	Pagar Jati	0.966^*	1.975	−553.189	0.981^*	57.431	−36	−0.040	Decreasing
7	RM Liku Sembilan	0.980^*	2.476	−457.674	0.994^*	81.778	−354	−0.754	Decreasing
8	Tanjung Heran	0.990^*	2.529	−450.889	0.997^*	115.928	−171	−3.65	Decreasing
9	Taba Teret	0.989^*	2.509	−449.931	0.997^*	115.928	−55	−0.119	Decreasing
10	Talang empat	0.972^*	2.998	−529.242	0.992^*	89.252	−134	−0.145	Decreasing
11	Muara Bangkahulu	0.921^*	2.251	−296.683	0.978^*	53.249	713	0.762	Increasing
12	Padang Harapan	0.937^*	3.426	−539.441	0.979^*	51.945	339	0.418	Increasing
13	Meteo Bengkulu	0.949^*	2.832	−440.186	0.978^*	50.712	254	0.313	Increasing
14	Tanjung Agung	0.974^*	3.740	−726.421	0.988^*	72.653	8	0.007	Increasing
15	UNIB	0.962^*	2.900	−498.657	0.981^*	54.694	182	0.224	Increasing
16	Pulau Baai	0.956^*	2.739	−462.022	0.980^*	65.519	125	0.083	Increasing
17	Talang Pauh	0.910^*	2.640	−431.255	0.962^*	38.109	131	0.161	Increasing
18	Disperta Bengkulu	0.971^*	2.414	−392.646	0.996^*	84.156	−24	−0.053	Decreasing
19	Fatmawati	0.983^*	3.422	−585.485	0.990^*	75.910	−161	−0.200	Decreasing