Green Political Theory and the Crisis of Global Environmental Policy: Towards Planetary Policy

Global environmental Policy has become an increasingly contentious issue in international relations literature, especially in light of escalating climate threats, their transboundary nature, and the limited effectiveness of institutional responses. Mainstream theories have proven unable to offer comprehensive solutions that address the complexity of the environmental crisis. In response, green political theory has emerged as an alternative that challenges dominant anthropocentric frameworks by advocating for ecocentric, planetary-level approaches. This research explores the theoretical foundations of green political thought and critically assesses their relevance and effectiveness by tracing the evolution of the green discourse and comparing it with mainstream theories. The study finds that green political theory not only critiques prevailing models but also contributes to developing a more integrated and just vision of global environmental Policy, emphasising the interconnectedness of ecological, social, and political crises.