The interconnection between Obesity and Asthma-Obstructive Sleep Apnea Overlap: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract
Asthma and sleep-related respiratory disorders represent common and well-characterized respiratory pathologies, yet ongoing debates persist regarding their association and potential bidirectional relationship. We performed a literature search encompassed PubMed and MEDLINE, exploring studies and publications on the overlap of sleep apnea and asthma, especially considering their common risk factor, obesity. Observational studies, including prospective and retrospective cohort studies, meta-analyses, and case reports, were analyzed. The available data indicate a bidirectional relationship between asthma and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), with each condition influencing the other. Asthma is identified as a risk factor for OSA, exacerbating its severity, while OSA has been linked to the development and progression of asthma.
Results
Obesity plays a critical role as an independent risk factor connecting asthma to OSA, emphasizing the intricate interplay between these conditions. A body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 is a central risk factor for OSA.
Conclusion
This research underscores the need for further exploration into the nuanced mechanisms linking obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, and asthma. Additionally, innovative interventions and treatment modalities tailored to address these interconnected health issues are imperative for personalized and targeted approaches in managing patients with obesity-related complications, ultimately improving overall health outcomes.
© 2024 Paula Vasilache Antohi, Andreea Zabara-Antal, Ioana Adelina Stoian, Adriana-Loredana Pintilie, Victoria Țau, Antigona Carmen Trofor, Radu Crișan-Dabija, published by Romanian Society of Pneumology
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