COVID 19 - a new threat for smokers and vapers?

Mihălţan, Florin; Oprea, Corina; Coşei, Valentin; Constantin, Ancuţa

doi:10.2478/pneum-2020-0017

Abstract

The new pandemic disease Covid-19 compelled all the researchers to investigate for early identification of the potential risk factors. Further, the relation between smoking and infections are well known. The authors are trying to find the epidemiological links, the pathogenic mechanisms and also the impact of this coronavirus on different respiratory chronic diseases, based on the last published data about the consequences of smoking and vaping on consumers.

References

Cyranoski D. Mystery deepens over animal source of coronavirus. Nature. 2020;579: 18–19.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Balwin R, di Mauro BW. Economics in the time of COVID-Centre for Economic Policy Research 2020, Introduction 5–6, ISBN: 978-1-912179-28-2
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Editorial COVID-19: learning from experience. The Lancet. 2020;395: 10229. Available from: doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30686-3
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lancet Inf Dis Article: Here. Mobile Version: Here. Visualization: JHU CSSE. Automation Support: Esri Living Atlas team and JHU APL. Contact US. FAQ. Data sources: WHO, CDC, ECDC, NHC, DXY, 1point3acres, Worldometers.info, BNO, state and national government health departments, and local media reports. Read more in this blog.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Park JE, Jung S, Kim A. MERS transmission and risk factors: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1): 574. Available from: doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5484-8
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Arcavi L, Benowitz NL. Cigarette smoking and infections. Archives of Internal Medicine. 2004;164(20): 2206.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Vardavas CI, Nikitara K. COVID-19 and smoking: a systematic review of the evidence. Tobacco Induced Diseases. 2020;18: 20. Available from: doi: 10.18332/tid/119324
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with-COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10229): 1054–1062
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Baud D, Qi X, Nielsen-Saines K, Musso D, Pomar L, Favre G. Real estimates of mortality following COVID-19 infection. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2020; Published Online 12 March 2020. Available from: doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30195-X
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, China Country Profile 2019.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Liu W, Tao Z-W, Lei W, Ming-Li Y, Kui L, Ling Z, et al. Analysis of factors associated with disease outcomes in hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus disease. Chinese Medical Journal. [Publish Ahead of Print] 28 February 2020. Available from: doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000775.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhang J-J, Dong X, Cao Y-Y, Yuan Y-D, Yang Y-B, Yan Y-Q, et al. Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China. Allergy. 2020;75(7): 1730–1741. Available from: doi: 10.1111/all.14238.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, Liang W, Ou C, He J, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;382: 1708–1720. Available from: doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wang J, Luo Q, Chen R, Chen T, Li J. Susceptibility analysis of COVID-19 in smokers based on ACE2. [Preprints] 2020. Available from: doi: 10.20944/preprints202003.0078.v1
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Brake SJ, Barnsley K, Lu W, McAlinden KD, Eapen MS, Sohal SS. Smoking upregulates angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor: a potential adhesion site for novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19). Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020;9: 841.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Leung JM, Yang CX, Tam A, Shaipanich T, Hackett T-L, Singhera GK, et al. ACE-2 expression in the small airway epithelia of smokers and COPD patients: implications for COVID-19. European Respiratory Journal. medRxiv 2020.03.18.20038455. Available from: doi: 10.1101/2020.03.18.20038455.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhou W. The coronavirus prevention handbook: 101 science based tips that could save your life. Wuhan, China: Hubei Science and Technology Press; 2020: p. 68. ISBN:978-5107-6241-1.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Farsalinos K. Smoking, vaping and the coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic: rumours vs. evidence; 2020. Available from: http://www.ecigarette-research.org/research/index.php/whats-new/2020/278-corona
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sussman R, Escrig C. Vaping and SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 technical information for vapers. 2020. Available from: https://www.sigmagazine.it.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Glantz St. A. Reduce your risk of serious lung disease caused by corona virus by quitting smoking and vaping. 2020, Glantz St. A. 2020;6 March, Center of Tobacco Control Research an Education. Available from: https://tobacco.ucsf.edu/reduce-your-risk-serious-lung-disease-caused-corona-virus-quittingsmokingand-vaping.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gotts JE, et al. What are the respiratory effects of e-cigarettes? BMJ. 2019;366: l5275. NIDA; 24 March 2020. Available from: doi: 10.1136/bmj.l5275.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Volkow N. COVID-19: potential implications for individuals with substance use disorders. Available from: https://www.drugabuse.gov/about-nida/noras-blog/2020/03/covid-19-potential-implications-individuals-substance-use-disorders [Accessed 1st April 2020].
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Edney A, LaVito A. Prognosis vaping could compound health risks tied to virus. FDA Says, 27 March 2020, 10:28 PM GMT+2. Updated on March 28, 2020, 1:19 AM GMT+2). Available from: https//www.bloomberg.com.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Olds JL, Kabbani N. Is nicotine exposure linked to cardiopulmonary vulnerability to COVID-19 in the general population? The FEBS Journal. 2020. Available from: doi: 10.1111/febs.15303.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hsieh SJ, Zhuo H, Benowitz NL, Thompson BT, Liu KD, Matthay MA, et al. Prevalence and impact of active and passive cigarette smoking in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Critical Care Medicine. 2014;42(9): 2058–2068.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Liang W, Guan W, Chen R, Wang W, Li J, Xu K, et al. Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China. Lancet Oncol. 2020; published online Feb 14. Available from: doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30096-6.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Guan W, Liang W-H, Zhao Y, Liang H-R, Chen Z-S, Li Y-M, et al. Comorbidity and its impact on 1590 patients with Covid-19 in China: a nationwide analysis. European Respiratory Journal. 2020;55(5): 200547. Available from: doi: 10.1183/13993003.00547-2020
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sands MF. Smoking and asthma: never the twain should meet. Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. 2014;113(5): 502–505. PMID: 25240333, Available from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25240333.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cai H. Sex difference and smoking predisposition in patients with COVID-19. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2020;8(4): E20. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30117-X
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

COVID 19 - a new threat for smokers and vapers?

Abstract

Paradigm

My account