Abstract
The state of health of the population is determined by a set of factors belonging to human biology, environment, behaviors, and the health system (preventive, curative, and rehabilitative). Any of these factors can alter both individual and community health.
The primary reason for tobacco dependence is nicotine addiction. Dopamine is released from the neurons located in the mesolimbic system. Nicotine stimulates the release of dopamine from these receptors. The genetic determination of nicotine dependence is determined by the subtypes of nicotine acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and conditioned by chromosome mutations at chromosomes 15q25.1, 8p11.21 or 20q13.12-q13.32.
Low-amplitude systemic inflammation is demonstrated in all smokers and is confirmed by elevated levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, Interleukin-6, and increased leukocyte levels. Moreover, coagulation and endothelial function markers such as hematocrit, plasma or blood viscosity, D-dimers, circulating adhesion molecules, tissue plasminogen activator, have also modified values in smokers.