The Canadian Renewable Energy Industry: Trends, Policies, and Challenges in the Energy Transition

This study analyzes the development of Canada’s renewable energy sector within the global lowcarbon transition. Combining statistical data from 2020–2024 with a qualitative review of legislative and institutional frameworks, the research reveals steady growth in wind and solar, stability in hydropower, and a gradual decline in nuclear energy. Policy instruments such as the Clean Economy Investment Tax Credits (ITC), Smart Renewables and Electrification Pathways Program (SREPs), and Clean Electricity Regulations (CER) have been central in reducing investment risks and attracting private participation. Indigenous community involvement further reflects Canada’s integrative approach, linking environmental and social objectives. The SWOT analysis highlights strong natural resources, hydropower infrastructure, and coherent policies, while noting challenges of interprovincial coordination and infrastructure costs. Canada emerges as a balanced model of energy transition, blending sustainability, competitiveness, and social inclusion.