An RPA- and OCR-Based Approach towards Smarter Expense Management
References
- Amarjot Singh, K. B. (June 2012). A Survey of OCR Applications. International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, 2(3), DOI:10.7763/IJMLC.2012.V2.137.
- Anindya Vinayak Gopal, K. R. (October 3, 2022). Automating data collection process in industry 4.0: A user case study. Proceedings of AIP Conference, DOI:10.1063/5.0109812.
- AWS. (2026). What is OCR (Optical Character Recognition)? https://aws.amazon.com/what-is/ocr/#:~:text=OCR%20is%20often%20part%20of,practical%20for%20everyday%20business%20use.
- Barwick, J. (2007). Building an institutional repository at Loughborough University: some experiences. Program, 41, https://doi.org/10.1108/00330330710742890.
- CompanyMileage.com. (October 31, 2025). How is Inefficient Expense Report Processing Hurting Your Business? https://companymileage.com/expense-report-processing/#:~:text=A%20report%20from%20the%20Global,added%20stress%20experienced%20by%20employees.
- Eric Blancaflor, J. M. (2022). iClaim: An Optical Character Recognition Based, Expense Reimbursement and Budget Management System. WCSE 2022 Spring Event: 2022 9th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications, 9, DOI: 10.18178/wcse.2022.04.047.
- Examiners, A. o. (2020). Report to the nations - 2020 Global Study on Occupational Fraud and Abuse.
- Half, R. (n.d.). How Did Accenture Transform Lead-to-Cash Processes with Ready-to-Use AI? Retrieved from https://www.roberthalf.com/us/en.
- Inc., C. (2019). 2019 Expense Management Trends Report: Annual T&E Outlook and Benchmarks. Retrieved from https://www.certify.com/2019-Travel-ExpenseManagement-Trends-Report.aspx
- Incode. (The History of Optical Character Recognition (OCR)). The History of Optical Character Recognition (OCR). https://www.incode.com/blog/the-history-of-optical-character-recognition-ocr.
- Izabela Andreea Bostan, O.-A. D. (July 2024). Revolutionizing Finance: Insights on the impact of Automation. Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence, 18, DOI:10.2478/picbe-2024-0275.
- K. Bachuwar, A. S. (2010). An Experimental Evaluation of Preprocessing Parameters for GA Based OCR Segmentation. 3rd International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Applications, 2, 417-420.
- M.D. Ganis, C. W. (1998). Neural network-based systems for handprint OCR applications . IEEE Transactions on Image, 7(8), 1097-1112.
- R. Gossweiler, M. K. (April 20, 2009). What’s Up CAPTCHA? A CAPTCHA Based On Image Orientation. WWW '09: Proceedings of the 18th international conference on World wide web, https://doi.org/10.1145/1526709.1526822.
- R. Plamondon, S. S. (January 31, 2000). Online and off-line handwriting recognition: a comprehensive survey. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 22(1), DOI: 10.1109/34.824821.
- Samarth R Hegde, H. G. (January 2025). International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology. Automated Expense Tracking with OCR: Enhancing Financial Management through Technology, 12(1), DOI:10.17148/IARJSET.2025.12142.
- SAP. (2024). SAP S/4HANA - Sourcing and Procurement - SAP S/4HANA Overview.
- Smart Automation: Elevating Expense Management Experience with the Power of Optical Character Recognition Technology. (January 2025). International Journal of Core Engineering & Management, 8(1), DOI:10.5281/zenodo.14861858.
- Thi Tuyet Hai Nguyen, A. J. (July 13, 2021). Survey of Post-OCR Processing Approaches. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 54(6), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3453476.
- Veena Grover, V. G. (December 2024). Robotic Process Automation (RPA): The Tangible and Human Shift in Business Process Efficiency. DOI:10.1201/9781032625829-14.
- Wanja, T. (June 2023). Why Businesses Need to Streamline their Operations with Automated Expense Management Systems. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371691888_Why_Businesses_Need_to_Streamline_their_Operations_with_Automated_Expense_Management_Systems.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2026-0048 | Journal eISSN: 2558-9652
Language: English
Page range: 595 - 609
Published on: Jul 24, 2026
Published by: Bucharest University of Economic Studies
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
Related subjects:
© 2026 Oana-Alexandra DRAGOMIRESCU, published by Bucharest University of Economic Studies
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.