Dynamics of Circular Economy Indicators in European Countries

The study aims to analyze the evolution of the circular economy in the European Union using Eurostat statistical data. The paper investigates key indicators such as private investment, gross value added, number of employees and patents related to recycling and secondary raw materials, in order to understand the progress made by European countries in the transition to a circular economic model. Identifying trends and changes recorded can constitute a basis for proposing new strategies and policies that can support sustainable development and improve the alignment of EU-27 member states with the European sustainable development objectives. The research method used includes quantitative and qualitative analysis, as well as comparative analysis. Private investment in the circular economy during the analyzed period increased by 44.83%, but their share in GDP decreased. Gross value added in the circular economy in the EU increased by 27%, and the number of employees increased by 9%. Circular economy research has regressed, with the number of recycling-related patents at EU level being 42% lower in 2020 than in 2015. The study highlights the need for an integrated strategy, supported by public and private investment, to harness the potential of the circular economy and achieve the European sustainable development goals.