Industrial Relocation in the Context of Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Romanian Manufacturing Companies Partnerships

This study explores the relationship between industrial relocation and stakeholder engagement in the context of sustainable development, with a particular focus on Romanian manufacturing companies. The research investigates key factors influencing relocation decisions, such as cost optimization, reputational risks and environmental considerations. The main purpose of the research is to analyze how companies navigate stakeholder relationships, mitigate risks, and assess the broader social and economic impact of relocation. The study uses a qualitative research approach, using structured interviews with representatives of 12 companies with a presence in Romania to obtain information about decision-making processes and relocation strategies. The findings indicate that while cost reduction remains a key factor, companies increasingly recognize the importance of stakeholder collaboration and long-term community engagement. The research highlights that 66.7% of the organizations surveyed maintain strong partnerships with local authorities, with 83% emphasizing the need for early project planning to minimize disruption. In addition, 50% of organisations identify the European Union’s Just Transition Fund as an essential support mechanism during relocation processes. The study highlights the role of public-private partnerships in ensuring sustainable transitions and provides insights into corporate responsibility in the face of industrial restructuring. Ongoing research initiatives are also discussed, including studies on citizens’ perceptions of relocation and the role of local authorities in promoting business-community partnerships. The results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of industrial relocation trends and provide strategic recommendations for both businesses and policymakers.