Green Hydrogen European Perspectives. Insights from Bibliometric Analysis

Hydrogen is currently mainly obtained from fossil resources, and the associated CO₂ emissions in the current production process are very high (10-20 kg CO₂/kg H₂). Given its importance as an energy source and for storing excess electricity, new methods for producing hydrogen with low carbon emissions are being explored. The most widespread approach is the electrolysis of water using renewable energy sources.

In recent years, numerous bibliometric studies have focused on hydrogen. The present study aims to analyse the scientific community’s perspective on new technologies for hydrogen production with minimal environmental impact, using a systematic bibliometric approach. European trends on green hydrogen were examined for the period 2020-2024, using Web of Science database, the main tag “Green hydrogen production” and secondary tags such as “European Green Deal”, “leveled cost of hydrogen” and “clean hydrogen”.

The exported data was processed using bibliometric analysis tools to identify key terms, cluster formation, and interconnections between concepts. The correlation analysis highlights several key findings:

• The essential contribution of hydrogen in achieving a sustainable and decarbonized energy future.

• The development of efficient, scalable and sustainable systems depends on innovative green hydrogen production processes.

• The interconnection of biomass with other terms in Cluster 4 emphasizes its central role in promoting renewable energy technologies.

This study contributes to the current literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of research trends and scientific perspectives on green hydrogen production, supporting future advances in this field.