Hybrid Type-2 Fuzzy Logic–Extended Kalman Filter Approach for ITSC Fault Detection in PMSM Drives for Electric Vehicles

Mabrouka Romdhane; Mohamed Naoui; Abdelmalek Gacem; Ali Mansouri

doi:10.2478/pead-2026-0004

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Hybrid Type-2 Fuzzy Logic–Extended Kalman Filter Approach for ITSC Fault Detection in PMSM Drives for Electric Vehicles

Power Electronics and Drives

Volume 11 (2026): Issue 1 (January 2026)

By: Mabrouka Romdhane , Mohamed Naoui , Abdelmalek Gacem and Ali Mansouri

Open Access

|Mar 2026

Abstract

The detection of Inter-Turn Short Circuit (ITSC) in electrical machines is a critical operation, particularly in electric vehicle (EV) motor drives. In this paper, a hybrid approach of type-2 fuzzy logic (T2-FL) and extended Kalman filter (EKF) is proposed in order to detect ITSC fault in the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) released by MATLAB/SIMULINK. The PMSM stator resistance is estimated through T2-FL, while the motor current, rotor speed and rotor angular are estimated by the EKF, taking advantage of its dynamic features. The results under high value and poor visibility of the ITSC resistance fault show that the root mean square error (RMSE) of the fault current is 0.2303. Moreover, comparison of the type-2 fuzzy logic and extended Kalman filter (T2-FL–EKF) strategy with the conventional EKF and fuzzy logic–extended Kalman filter (FL–EKF) approaches showed a significant optimisation in both speed control and ITSC fault detection.

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Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/pead-2026-0004 | Journal eISSN: 2543-4292 | Journal ISSN: 2451-0262

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Language: English

Page range: 61 - 78

Submitted on: Dec 9, 2025

Accepted on: Feb 8, 2026

Published on: Mar 16, 2026

Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

electric vehicle,

permanent magnet synchronous motor,

type-2 fuzzy logic,

extended Kalman filter,

inter-turn short circuit

Related subjects:

Computer sciences,

Artificial intelligence,

Engineering,

Electrical engineering,

Electronics

© 2026 Mabrouka Romdhane, Mohamed Naoui, Abdelmalek Gacem, Ali Mansouri, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 11 (2026): Issue 1 (January 2026)