Analysis of Open-Loop Current Estimators for Current Sensor Fault Compensation in PMSM Motor Drive Cover

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Analysis of Open-Loop Current Estimators for Current Sensor Fault Compensation in PMSM Motor Drive

Power Electronics and Drives

Volume 11 (2026): Issue 1 (January 2026)

By: Krystian Teler

Open Access

|Jan 2026

Figures & Tables

Scheme of control structure under study. CS, current sensors; ELUTE, extended lookup table-based estimator; FOC, field oriented control; LUTE, lookup table-based estimator; VCS, virtual current sensor.

Measurements of current vs. voltage before and after compensation of inverter distortions.

Magnetic model of the PMSM under study used in LUTE. LUTE, lookup table-based estimator.

Extended magnetic model for PMSM under study for rotor position θ = 0 deg.

Changes in the flux and its derivatives depending on the rotor position for

idref=0 A
i_d^{ref} = 0\;{\rm{A}}

and

idref=4.5 A
i_d^{ref} = 4.5\;{\rm{A}}

. — Changes in the flux and its derivatives depending on the rotor position for idref=0 A i_d^{ref} = 0\;{\rm{A}} and idref=4.5 A i_d^{ref} = 4.5\;{\rm{A}} .

Experimental setup. (a) PMSM motor under study, (b) load motor (induction machine), (c) frequency inverter (control of PMSM), (d) TWERD frequency inverter (control of the load) and (e) measurement system for stator currents and DC-bus voltage of the PMSM drive.

Reference speed and torque used during research.

Waveforms of iq current for different estimation methods (10% of nominal speed and 25% of nominal load). CSCL, current sensor control loop; ELUTE, extended lookup table-based estimator; LUTE, lookup table-based estimator; SCL, sensorless control loop; VCS, virtual current sensor.

Waveforms of iq current for different estimation methods (100% of nominal speed and 100% of nominal load). CSCL, current sensor control loop; ELUTE, extended lookup table-based estimator; LUTE, lookup table-based estimator; SCL, sensorless control loop; VCS, virtual current sensor.

RMSE across operating points of the drive for estimation methods in CSCL. CSCL, current sensor control loop; ELUTE, extended lookup table-based estimator; LUTE, lookup table-based estimator; RMSE, root mean square error; VCS, virtual current sensor.

RMSE across operating points of the drive for estimation methods in SCL. ELUTE, extended lookup table-based estimator; LUTE, lookup table-based estimator; RMSE, root mean square error; SCL, sensorless control loop; VCS, virtual current sensor.

Correlations between measured and estimated current in the SCL for estimation methods under study. ELUTE, extended lookup table-based estimator; LUTE, lookup table-based estimator; SCL, sensorless control loop; VCS, virtual current sensor.

THD calculated for phase A current for CSCL and SCL with different estimation methods. CSCL, current sensor control loop; ELUTE, extended lookup table-based estimator; LUTE, lookup table-based estimator; SCL, sensorless control loop; THD, total harmonic distortion; VCS, virtual current sensor.

Histograms of the estimation error for CSCL for different PMSM operating points. CSCL, current sensor control loop; ELUTE, extended lookup table-based estimator; LUTE, lookup table-based estimator; VCS, virtual current sensor.

Histograms of the estimation error for SCL for different PMSM operating points. ELUTE, extended lookup table-based estimator; LUTE, lookup table-based estimator; SCL, sensorless control loop; VCS, virtual current sensor.

Statistics of RMSE for estimation methods calculated from all operating points of the drive_

	CSCL						SCL

Method	Mean	Median	Min	Max	Std	Range	Mean	Median	Min	Max	Std	Range
VCS	0.603	0.473	0.234	1.407	0.372	1.172	0.560	0.409	0.047	1.458	0.396	1.411
LUTE	0.443	0.289	0.156	3.668	0.681	3.512	0.237	0.238	0.064	0.622	0.125	0.558
ELUTE	0.256	0.195	0.095	0.905	0.182	0.809	0.211	0.194	0.039	0.572	0.136	0.533

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/pead-2026-0002 | Journal eISSN: 2543-4292 | Journal ISSN: 2451-0262

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Language: English

Page range: 23 - 40

Submitted on: Dec 3, 2025

|

Accepted on: Dec 17, 2025

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Published on: Jan 29, 2026

Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

current sensor faults,

stator currents estimation,

sensorless control

Related subjects:

Computer sciences,

Artificial intelligence,

Electrical engineering,

© 2026 Krystian Teler, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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