Capability improvement measures of the public sector for implementation of building information modeling in construction projects

Anthony Olukayode Yusuf; Akintayo Opawole; Nofiu Abiodun Musa; Dele Samuel Kadiri; Esther Ilori Ebunoluwa

doi:10.2478/otmcj-2022-0014

Figures & Tables

Schematic representation of BIM interaction. Source: Hamma-Adama and Kouider (2018). BIM, building information modeling.

Leading countries with BIM adoption. Source: United-BIM.com (2020). BIM, building information modeling.

Level of Impact of Capability Improvement Measures of the Public Sector for BIM Implementation in Building projects

Capability improvement measures	OVERALL			QS		BLDR		EEG		ARC		MEG		CEG		K-W Sig.

	MS	SD	R	MS	R	MS	R	MS	R	MS	R	MS	R	MS	R
Reward system for performance	3.81	0.951	1	3.71	3	3.75	12	3.87	11	3.70	2	4.26	1	3.77	1	0.351
Government policies	3.74	1.012	2	3.59	7	3.69	20	3.87	11	3.52	16	3.95	9	3.77	1	0.595
Education and training of staff	3.74	0.902	3	3.47	13	3.91	2	3.93	5	3.65	8	4.00	4	3.61	9	0.261
Government support and involvement	3.73	0.901	4	3.59	7	3.81	8	3.90	7	3.52	16	3.89	10	3.60	11	0.361
Clear job description	3.71	0.886	5	3.71	3	3.66	21	3.90	7	3.48	23	3.79	14	3.71	4	0.658
Provision of physical infrastructure	3.69	0.978	6	3.59	7	3.88	3	3.83	15	3.43	25	3.79	14	3.62	8	0.554
Adoption of process open to innovation	3.68	1.040	7	3.12	30	3.84	5	3.83	15	3.70	2	4.05	2	3.58	13	0.082
Structured reporting system	3.68	0.937	8	3.82	2	3.75	12	3.90	7	3.70	2	3.63	22	3.55	18	0.787
Investment in equipment and technology	3.68	1.041	9	3.18	27	3.84	5	3.80	20	3.65	8	4.00	4	3.60	11	0.253
Set standard for good performance	3.66	0.909	10	3.59	7	3.56	27	3.73	24	3.57	13	3.53	29	3.74	3	0.541
Presence of skilled and strong leaders	3.66	0.968	11	3.35	18	3.84	5	3.97	3	3.70	2	3.68	19	3.51	21	0.193
Commitment to BIM training	3.66	1.024	12	3.65	5	3.72	16	3.97	3	3.74	1	3.74	16	3.47	25	0.547
Team-based structure	3.65	1.000	13	3.47	13	3.59	24	3.93	5	3.48	23	4.00	4	3.57	15	0.234
ICT literacy of staff	3.65	1.036	14	3.41	15	3.81	8	3.70	27	3.30	36	3.89	10	3.65	6	0.225
Recruitment of highly skilled workers	3.64	0.900	15	3.41	15	3.44	37	3.83	15	3.61	11	3.63	22	3.71	4	0.291
High degree of status for government employees	3.63	0.973	16	3.59	7	3.75	12	4.00	1	3.43	25	3.37	32	3.56	17	0.201
Information sharing/management	3.63	1.053	17	3.06	34	3.66	21	3.83	15	3.43	25	3.89	10	3.65	6	0.117
Attractive salaries/pay scale	3.62	1.029	18	3.12	30	3.88	3	3.73	24	3.65	8	3.63	22	3.57	15	0.232
Adequate number of staff	3.60	0.996	19	2.82	39	3.81	8	4.00	1	3.35	32	4.00	4	3.51	21	0.000^*
Performance evaluation	3.60	1.075	20	3.12	30	3.53	29	3.80	20	3.52	16	3.84	13	3.61	9	0.298
Performance-related pay	3.60	1.116	21	3.24	23	3.53	29	3.87	11	3.70	2	4.00	4	3.48	23	0.271
Simplified organizational structure	3.59	1.037	22	3.53	12	3.78	11	3.90	7	3.57	13	3.68	19	3.39	33	0.429
Research and development	3.57	1.043	23	3.88	1	3.75	12	3.80	20	3.43	25	3.74	16	3.34	39	0.252
Implementation of educational actions	3.55	1.030	24	3.18	27	3.53	29	3.83	15	3.52	16	3.32	33	3.58	13	0.262
Acquisition of software	3.53	1.041	25	3.24	23	4.06	1	3.67	28	3.52	16	3.63	22	3.29	40	0.017^*
Management support for change	3.51	0.928	26	3.65	5	3.59	24	3.57	30	3.26	37	3.63	22	3.45	26	0.747
Selective hiring	3.51	1.152	27	2.88	36	3.56	27	3.87	11	3.35	32	4.05	2	3.40	31	0.034^*
Commitment of staff to change	3.49	0.986	28	3.06	34	3.53	29	3.57	30	3.61	11	3.58	28	3.48	23	0.471
Provision of incentives	3.49	1.079	29	3.41	15	3.66	21	3.67	28	3.35	32	3.63	22	3.39	33	0.822
Acceleration of project implementation	3.48	1.065	30	3.35	18	3.53	29	3.47	34	3.52	16	3.26	34	3.55	18	0.845
Skills-based and interpersonal networks	3.48	1.098	31	3.35	18	3.59	24	3.77	23	3.26	37	3.68	19	3.38	35	0.527
Retention of workers/personnel stability	3.48	0.954	32	2.71	41	3.72	16	3.73	24	3.26	37	3.42	30	3.55	18	0.016^*
Effective strategic management practices	3.44	1.010	33	3.29	22	3.53	29	3.50	32	3.52	16	3.21	37	3.45	26	0.712
Commitment to learning	3.42	0.967	34	3.35	18	3.50	35	3.43	35	3.39	30	3.42	30	3.42	30	0.988
Valuing employee/encouraging self-esteem	3.41	0.998	35	2.88	36	3.72	16	3.50	32	3.70	2	3.11	41	3.36	36	0.032^*
Knowledge management practice	3.36	0.939	36	3.12	30	3.38	40	3.33	36	3.43	25	3.21	37	3.44	28	0.613
Improvement of inancial results	3.36	1.022	37	3.24	23	3.44	37	3.33	36	3.57	13	3.21	37	3.35	37	0.882
Time and resources for learning	3.34	1.018	38	3.18	27	3.31	41	3.27	40	3.39	30	3.21	37	3.43	29	0.767
Greater autonomy to hire and fire	3.31	1.122	39	2.82	39	3.41	39	3.23	41	2.96	41	3.74	16	3.40	31	0.042^*
Opportunities for multiskilling	3.30	0.960	40	3.24	23	3.31	41	3.30	39	3.22	40	3.26	34	3.34	38	0.969
Elimination of internal conflicts	3.24	0.929	41	2.88	36	3.50	35	3.33	36	3.35	32	3.26	34	3.13	41	0.227

Frequency of usage of capability improvement measures of the public sector for BIM implementation in building projects

Capability improvement measures	Overall			QS		BLDR		EEG		ARC		MEG		CEG		K–W Sig.

	MS	SD	R	MS	R	MS	R	MS	R	MS	R	MS	R	MS	R
Adequate number of staff	3.66	0.958	1	3.65	6	4.00	1	3.67	12	3.52	10	3.84	4	3.51	8	0.247
Team-based structure	3.66	0.968	2	3.59	10	3.63	13	3.83	3	3.57	9	3.74	5	3.62	1	0.866
Government support and involvement	3.64	0.911	3	3.47	20	3.59	14	3.47	23	3.48	12	3.63	10	3.47	12	0.982
Government policies	3.60	1.012	4	3.53	15	3.69	8	3.73	6	3.65	4	3.63	10	3.49	10	0.927
Adoption of process open to innovation	3.60	1.089	5	3.35	25	3.59	14	3.70	7	3.74	1	4.05	2	3.47	12	0.295
Investment in equipment and technology	3.60	1.094	6	3.65	6	3.72	4	3.70	7	3.65	4	3.89	3	3.4	21	0.585
ICT literacy of staff	3.58	0.930	7	3.53	15	3.69	8	3.53	19	3.48	12	4.11	1	3.47	12	0.182
Information sharing/management	3.58	1.062	8	3.71	5	3.81	2	3.47	23	3.74	1	3.58	14	3.45	17	0.548
Simplified organizational structure	3.58	1.081	9	3.53	15	3.66	11	3.83	3	3.17	37	3.68	6	3.55	4	0.313
Clear job description	3.56	0.968	10	3.53	15	3.59	14	3.67	12	3.61	8	3.47	20	3.52	6	0.991
Education and training of staff	3.55	0.882	11	3.53	15	3.50	22	3.53	19	3.48	12	3.68	6	3.56	2	0.955
Structured reporting system	3.55	1.035	12	3.88	2	3.78	3	3.47	23	3.65	4	3.21	35	3.47	16	0.370
Set standard for good performance	3.54	0.975	13	3.65	6	3.50	22	3.60	15	3.52	10	3.53	16	3.51	8	0.994
Presence of skilled and strong leaders	3.53	1.069	14	3.59	10	3.72	4	3.47	23	3.48	12	3.37	24	3.52	6	0.769
Performance-related pay	3.53	1.111	15	3.47	20	3.56	17	3.87	1	3.39	20	3.63	10	3.42	20	0.599
Recruitment of highly skilled workers	3.52	0.853	16	3.47	20	3.72	4	3.53	19	3.65	4	3.32	28	3.45	17	0.664
Commitment to BIM training	3.51	1.084	17	3.59	10	3.69	8	3.87	1	3.26	32	3.47	20	3.35	29	0.325
High degree of status for government employees	3.49	1.031	18	3.82	3	3.56	17	3.53	19	3.43	16	2.95	40	3.53	5	0.233
Provision of physical infrastructure	3.47	1.006	19	3.59	10	3.53	19	3.63	14	3.35	24	3.58	14	3.38	23	0.785
Reward system for performance	3.47	1.016	20	3.35	25	3.50	22	3.57	16	3.39	20	3.42	23	3.49	10	0.956
Skills-based and interpersonal networks	3.45	1.064	21	3.65	6	3.50	22	3.70	7	3.35	24	3.53	16	3.31	32	0.761
Research and development	3.45	1.069	22	3.94	1	3.38	31	3.47	23	3.43	16	3.47	22	3.38	23	0.544
Selective hiring	3.42	1.048	23	3.41	24	3.53	19	3.40	29	3.35	24	3.53	16	3.38	23	0.987
Attractive salaries/pay scale	3.39	1.050	24	3.35	25	3.34	33	3.47	23	3.17	37	3.68	6	3.39	22	0.701
Knowledge management practice	3.36	0.901	25	3.35	25	3.41	29	3.57	16	3.22	36	3.32	28	3.32	31	0.660
Management support for change	3.32	0.996	26	3.59	10	3.50	22	3.13	39	3.26	32	3.37	24	3.27	35	0.684
Provision of incentives	3.30	1.051	27	3.76	4	3.31	34	3.27	34	3.26	32	3.32	28	3.21	38	0.607
Commitment of staff to change	3.30	1.056	28	3.47	20	3.16	40	3.30	32	3.35	24	3.32	28	3.31	32	0.884
Implementation of educational actions	3.29	0.943	29	3.31	34	3.70	7	3.35	24	3.26	32	3.36	27	3.39	28	0.370
Acquisition of software	3.24	0.972	30	3.47	27	3.57	16	3.39	20	3.63	10	3.34	30	3.42	26	0.721
Acceleration of project implementation	3.24	0.978	31	3.47	27	3.30	32	3.39	20	3.53	16	3.36	27	3.38	29	0.954
Time and resources for learning	3.24	0.991	32	3.41	29	3.37	30	3.43	16	2.89	41	3.45	17	3.36	32	0.232
Commitment to learning	3.24	0.994	33	3.53	19	3.20	37	3.30	31	3.26	32	3.47	12	3.38	39	0.581
Elimination of internal conflicts	3.18	0.926	34	3.28	39	3.17	38	3.26	32	3.26	32	3.18	39	3.21	39	0.989
Performance evaluation	3.18	1.046	35	3.72	4	3.70	7	3.70	3	3.37	24	3.38	23	3.50	19	0.232
Opportunities for multiskilling	3.12	0.944	36	3.31	34	3.03	40	3.43	16	3.16	37	3.22	36	3.22	38	0.606
Effective strategic management practices	3.12	1.006	37	3.31	34	3.27	34	3.17	37	3.16	38	3.30	34	3.25	36	0.929
Improvement of financial results	3.12	1.010	38	3.31	34	3.27	34	3.35	24	3.21	35	3.22	36	3.25	37	0.927
Valuing employee/encouraging self-esteem	3.00	1.012	39	3.38	31	3.37	30	3.35	24	3.00	39	3.12	40	3.20	40	0.476
Retention of workers/personnel stability	2.88	0.908	40	3.66	11	3.77	5	3.65	4	3.68	6	3.56	2	3.57	10	0.053
Greater autonomy to hire and fire	2.47	1.065	41	3.09	41	3.03	40	3.17	37	3.37	24	3.05	41	3.05	41	0.128

Capability improvement measures of the public sector_

S. no.	Capability improvement measures	Author(s)
1	Retention of workers/personnel stability	Andrew and Leon-Cazares (2015)
2	Recruitment of highly skilled workers	Tilley et al. (2015); Zaini et al. (2020)
3	Education and training of staff	Dewan et al. (2004); Zahrizan et al. (2013); Palm (2020)
4	Clear job description	Grindle and Hilderbrand (1995); Gill and Delahaye (2004)
5	Adequate reward system for performance	Ticha (2010)
6	Greater autonomy to hire and fire	Grindle and Hilderbrand (1995)
7	Set standard for good performance	Grindle and Hilderbrand (1995); Gill and Delahaye (2004); Olugboyega and Aina (2016); Palm (2020)
8	Attractive salaries/pay scale	Grindle and Hilderbrand (1995); Jones et al. (2004)
9	Acquisition of software	López-Cabarcos et al. (2015); Lember et al. (2018)
10	Provision of physical infrastructure	López-Cabarcos et al. (2015); Lember et al. (2018)
11	Structured reporting system and relationship	Grindle and Hilderbrand (1995)
12	High degree of status for government employees	Grindle and Hilderbrand (1995)
13	Presence of skilled and strong leaders (not managers)	Ticha (2010); Tilley et al. (2015); Al-Ashmori et al. (2019)
14	Adequate number of staffs	Tilley et al. (2015); Zaini et al. (2020)
15	Information sharing/management	Olugboyega and Aina (2016); Hamma-Adama (2020)
16	Investment in equipment and technology	López-Cabarcos et al. (2015); Gould-Williams (2003)
17	Adoption of process open to innovations	López-Cabarcos et al. (2015); Al-Ashmori et al. (2019)
18	Skills-based and interpersonal networks	Barney (1991); Nahapiet and Ghoshal (1998)
19	ICT literacy of staff	Olugboyega and Aina (2016); Palm (2020)
20	Speedy project implementation	Gareis and Huemann (2007)
21	Improved financial results	Gareis and Huemann (2007)
22	Effective strategic and operational management practices	Andrew and Leon-Cazares (2015)
23	Commitment to BIM training	Olugboyega and Aina (2016); Al-Ashmori et al. (2019)
24	Simplified organizational structure	Andrew and Leon-Cazares (2015); Olojede et al. (2020)
25	Performance-related pay	Gould-Williams (2003)
26	Team-based structure	Gould-Williams (2003); Ticha (2010)
27	Selective hiring	Gould-Williams (2003)
28	Performance evaluation	Ticha (2010)
29	Government policies	Alufohai (2012); Fitsilis and Chalatsis (2014)
30	Government support and involvement	Alufohai (2012); Fitsilis and Chalatsis (2014)
31	Research and development	Olugboyega and Aina (2016); Yuan et al. (2008)
32	Management/stakeholder support for change	Ticha (2010); Alufohai (2012); Fitsilis and Chalatsis (2014); Al-Ashmori et al. (2019)
33	Provision of incentives	Tilley et al. (2015)
34	Recognition and commitment of staff to change	Olugboyega and Aina (2016); Ticha (2010)
35	Valuing employee/encouraging self-esteem	Ticha (2010)
36	Elimination of internal conflicts	Gareis and Huemann (2007)
37	Commitment to learning	Chinowsky et al. (2007); Yuan et al. (2008); Ticha (2010); Mazzucato and Kattel (2020)
38	Provision of opportunities for multiskilling	Ticha (2010)
39	Provision resources for learning and development	Ticha (2010); Mazzucato and Kattel (2020)
40	Implementation of educational actions	Alufohai (2012); Fitsilis and Chalatsis (2014)
41	Knowledge management practice	Olugboyega and Aina (2016)

Background information of the respondents_

Profile of respondents	Frequency	(%)
Organization of respondents
Ministry of Education	16	8.1
Ministry of Housing	45	22.7
Ministry of Environmental and Physical Planning	27	13.6
Ministry of Transportation	32	16.2
Ministry of Waterfront Infrastructure	25	12.6
Ministry of Works and Infrastructure	53	26.8
Total	198	100
Profession of respondents
Quantity surveyor	17	8.6
Builder	32	16.2
Electrical engineer	30	15.2
Architect	23	11.6
Mechanical engineer	19	9.6
Civil engineer	77	38.9
Total	198	100
Respondent's highest academic qualification
HND	50	25.3
PGD	19	9.6
B.Sc./B.Tech.	65	32.8
M.Sc.	64	32.3
Total	198	100
Professional qualification of respondents
NIQS	17	8.6
NIOB	32	16.2
NIA	24	12.1
NSE	123	62.1
Others	2	1
Total	198	100
Years of experience of respondents
1–5	18	9.1
6–10	53	26.8
11–15	57	28.8
16–20	42	21.2
21–25	17	8.6
More than 25	11	5.6
Total	198	100%
Number of projects since employment wherein BIM was used
0	176	88.9
1–5	14	7.1
5–10	4	2
11–15	1	0.5
16–20	3	1.5
Total	198	100
Number of projects involved in generally since employment
1–5	16	8.1
6–10	26	13.1
11–15	45	22.7
16–20	40	20.2
More than 20	71	35.9
Total	198	100

Capability improvement measures of the public sector for implementation of building information modeling in construction projects

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Level of Impact of Capability Improvement Measures of the Public Sector for BIM Implementation in Building projects

Frequency of usage of capability improvement measures of the public sector for BIM implementation in building projects

Capability improvement measures of the public sector_

Background information of the respondents_

Paradigm

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