Fig. 1
Commodity Markets Outlook, April 2018 (Worldbank 2018).
Fig. 2
Order intake for large EPC projects in Germany 2008–2016 (VDMA 2017a).
Fig. 3
Forecast of the global construction market 2030 (Global Construction 2015).
Fig. 4
Performance of megaprojects (McKinsey 2017a).
Fig. 5
Productivity in construction (McKinsey 2017a).
Fig. 6
Digitalization by sectors (Riemensperger et al. 2015).
Tab. 1
Example of the cost breakdown for an EPC project with potential savings
| Cost Element | Cost Breakdown before savings | Team integration | Productivity | Transaction costs | Schedule accel. | Total Savings | Cost Breakdown after savings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Owner | 13 | 50% | 30% | 20% | 72% | 4 | |
| Project Management | 6 | 50% | 30% | 20% | 72% | 2 | |
| Construction & Start-Up Management | 8 | 50% | 30% | 10% | 20% | 73% | 2 |
| Engineering | 14 | 30% | 10% | 20% | 44% | 8 | |
| Equipment | 21 | 30% | 37% | 13 | |||
| Bulk Materials | 11 | 10% | 10% | 10 | |||
| Construction Labor | 12 | 30% | 10% | 20% | 50% | 6 | |
| Other Construction Costs (e.g. site logist.) | 2 | 10% | 20% | 28% | 1 | ||
| Contingency | 6 | 50% | 50% | 3 | |||
| Special Costs (Legal, Travel etc) | 7 | 80% | 80% | 1 | |||
| 100 | 50 |