The Influence of Invasive Alien Plants on Umbrella Butterflies of the Genus Phengaris and Diversity of Heteroptera True Bugs

Kalarus, Konrad

doi:10.2478/oszn-2023-0003

Figures & Tables

The location of surveyed habitat patches where the abundance of Ph. nausithous and Ph. teleius populations was studied: (a) Location of patches in individual parts 1–4 of the Natura 2000 site “Łąki w Jaworznie” PLH240042; (b) Complex of patches JA - Jaworzno Górka; (c) Complex of patches JB - Łąki Ciężkowickie.

(a) The relationship between the relative density of butterflies and the coverage of invasive hawkweeds and (b) the ratio of coverage of invasive plants to the coverage of the butterflies’ host plant. Ph. teleius is marked in red, and Ph. nausithous is marked in blue. “Density” denotes relative butterfly density (abundance) expressed as number of individuals per one ha of area.

The location of research sites in Krempna within cadastral parcels. Sites with invasive hogweed are marked in orange, while reference sites are marked in green. Points indicate the locations of transect sections.

Mean number of species and mean number of individuals of Heteroptera bugs with a 95% confidence interval at reference sites and sites with invasive hogweed.

Population sizes with 95% confidence intervals of Ph_ teleius butterfly in habitat patches within the Natura 2000 site “Łąki w Jaworznie” PLH240042 and its vicinity in the year 2022_

ID	Patch area [ha]	Sex	N	CI −	CI +	*Density [indha⁻¹]**
J1A	0.159	M	213	133	343	2547
J1A	0.159	F	192	113	326	2547
J2A	0.057	M	114	61	212	3930
J2A	0.057	F	110	58	210	3930
J3A	0.062	M	37	x	x	1113
J3A	0.062	F	32	x	x	1113
J4A	0.109	M	130	82	206	1716
J4A	0.109	F	57	36	91	1716
J5A	0.413	M	433	367	510	2019
J5A	0.413	F	401	336	479	2019
J6A	0.072	M	84	64	110	2375
J6A	0.072	F	87	67	113	2375
J1B	0.167	M	134	87	206	1473
J1B	0.167	F	112	67	188	1473
J2B	0.204	M	20	13	29	328
J2B	0.204	F	47	33	66	328
J3B	0.274	M	135	64	282	942
J3B	0.274	F	123	56	267	942
J4B	0.315	M	8	x	x	76
J4B	0.315	F	16	x	x	76
J5B	0.815	M	137	91	206	285
J5B	0.815	F	95	63	143	285

Mean difference in Heteroptera bug species assemblages along 50m transect sections between reference sites and sites with invasive hogweed_ Species with significantly different mean abundances are highlighted_

Species	Reference sites	Invaded sites	Cumulative weight	P-value
Leptopterna dolabrata (L., 1758)	22.1	6.8	0.22	0.153
Acetropis longirostris P., 1785	16.3	1.5	0.39	0.016
Stenotus binotatus (F., 1794)	5.0	2.7	0.48	0.85
Aelia acuminata (L., 1758)	3.1	0.6	0.54	0.04
Stenodema laevigata (L., 1758)	1.0	2.5	0.59	0.995
Adelphocoris lineolatus (G., 1788)	3.3	0.4	0.62	0.446
Megaloceroea recticornis (G., 1785)	0.8	0.9	0.65	0.931
Capsodes gothicus (L., 1758)	0.5	1.1	0.67	0.993
Notostira erratica (L., 1758)	0.9	1.0	0.69	0.861
Eysarcoris aeneus (S., 1763)	0.9	1.2	0.72	0.995
Nabis flavomarginatus S., 1847	2.8	0.1	0.74	0.045
Strongylocoris leucocephalus (L., 1758)	0.8	0.1	0.76	0.003
Adelphocoris seticornis (F., 1775)	0.9	0.2	0.77	0.024
Capsus ater (L., 1758)	0.0	0.8	0.78	0.992
Eurygaster maura (L., 1758)	0.9	0.0	0.80	0.002
Dolycoris baccarum (L., 1758)	0.4	0.5	0.81	0.994
Orthotylus flavosparsus (S., 1841)	0.1	0.4	0.82	0.965
Lygus pratensis (L., 1758)	0.1	0.5	0.83	0.996
Peribalus strictus (F., 1803)	0.0	0.5	0.84	0.955
Acteropis carinata (H-S., 1841)	0.4	0.2	0.85	0.608
Horistus orientalis (G., 1790)	0.3	0.5	0.86	0.994
Coptosoma scutellatum (G., 1785)	0.5	0.0	0.87	0.01
Nabis rugosus (L., 1758)	0.3	0.5	0.88	1
Closterotomus fulvomaculatus (De G., 1773)	0.0	0.4	0.89	0.989
Plagiognathus bipunctatus (R., 1883)	0.3	0.0	0.90	0.004
Polymerus nigrita (F., 1807)	0.1	0.3	0.91	0.979
Lygus rugulipennis P., 1911	0.1	0.2	0.91	0.945
Lygocoris pabulinus (L., 1761)	0.3	0.1	0.92	0.569
Coreus marginatus (L., 1758)	0.0	0.3	0.93	0.986
Heterocordylus genistae (S., 1763)	0.1	0.2	0.93	0.976
Rubiconia intermedia (W., 1811)	0.1	0.1	0.94	0.839
Notostira elongate (G., 1785)	0.3	0.0	0.94	0.01
Globiceps fulvicollis J., 1877	0.1	0.0	0.95	0.006
Picromerus bidens (L., 1758)	0.3	0.0	0.95	0.016
Carpocoris purpureipennis (De G., 1773)	0.1	0.0	0.95	0.006
Podops inunctus (F., 1775)	0.1	0.0	0.96	0.016
Adelphocoris reichelii (F., 1836)	0.1	0.0	0.96	0.016
Nabis limbatus D., 1851	0.1	0.0	0.96	0.016
Orthocephalus brevis (P., 1798)	0.0	0.2	0.97	0.988
Polymerus unifasciatus (F., 1794)	0.1	0.1	0.97	0.962
Rhopalus parumpunctatus S., 1829	0.1	0.0	0.97	0.01
Adelphocoris quadripunctatus (F., 1794)	0.1	0.0	0.97	0.018
Himacerus boops (S., 1870)	0.1	0.0	0.98	0.017
Apolygus spinolae (M-D., 1841)	0.0	0.1	0.98	0.978
Plagiognathus chrysanthemi (W., 1804)	0.0	0.1	0.98	0.978
Eurygaster testudinaria (G. 1785)	0.4	0.0	0.98	0.031
Lygus punctatus (Z., 1838)	0.0	0.1	0.99	0.98
Apolygus lucorum (M-D., 1843)	0.0	0.1	0.99	0.983
Carpocoris fuscispinus (B., 1850)	0.0	0.1	0.99	0.988
Pinalitus cervinus (H-S., 1841)	0.0	0.1	0.99	0.988
Stenodema calcarata (F., 1807)	0.0	0.1	0.99	0.987
Phylus coryli (L., 1758)	0.0	0.1	0.99	0.987
Orthops basalis (C., 1853)	0.0	0.1	0.99	0.987
Teratocoris antennatus (B., 1852)	0.0	0.1	1.00	0.987
Corizus hyoscyami (L., 1758)	0.0	0.1	1.00	0.991
Myrmus miriformis (F., 1807)	0.1	0.0	1.00	0.029
Thyreocoris scarabaeoides (L., 1758)	0.1	0.0	1.00	0.031
Palomena prasina (L., 1761)	0.1	0.0	1.00	0.031
Pentatoma rufipes (L., 1758)	0.1	0.0	1.00	0.031

Population sizes with 95% confidence intervals of Ph_ nausithous butterfly in habitat patches within the Natura 2000 site “Łąki w Jaworznie” PLH240042 and its vicinity in the year 2022_

ID	Patch area [ha]	Sex	N	CI −	CI +	*Density [indha⁻¹]**
J1A	0.159	M	56	39	80	553
J1A	0.159	F	32	15	67	553
J2A	0.057	M	62	34	113	2193
J2A	0.057	F	63	35	114	2193
J3A	0.062	M	24	12	45	871
J3A	0.062	F	30	18	51	871
J4A	0.109	M	31	19	51	532
J4A	0.109	F	27	15	48	532
J5A	0.413	M	208	119	363	918
J5A	0.413	F	171	84	348	918
J6A	0.072	M	41	33	50	1306
J6A	0.072	F	53	46	63	1306
J1B	0.167	M	33	22	49	293
J1B	0.167	F	16	8	35	293
J2B	0.204	M	13	x	x	123
J2B	0.204	F	12	x	x	123
J3B	0.274	M	61	23	165	453
J3B	0.274	F	63	24	166	453
J4B	0.315	M	6	x	x	35
J4B	0.315	F	5	x	x	35
J5B	0.815	M	57	40	81	141
J5B	0.815	F	58	41	82	141

The Influence of Invasive Alien Plants on Umbrella Butterflies of the Genus Phengaris and Diversity of Heteroptera True Bugs

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

Population sizes with 95% confidence intervals of Ph_ teleius butterfly in habitat patches within the Natura 2000 site “Łąki w Jaworznie” PLH240042 and its vicinity in the year 2022_

Mean difference in Heteroptera bug species assemblages along 50m transect sections between reference sites and sites with invasive hogweed_ Species with significantly different mean abundances are highlighted_

Population sizes with 95% confidence intervals of Ph_ nausithous butterfly in habitat patches within the Natura 2000 site “Łąki w Jaworznie” PLH240042 and its vicinity in the year 2022_

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