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Evaluation of Effectiveness of On-site Wastewater Treatment Systems Located at Roadside Rest Areas: Recognition and Diagnosis of Existing Problems in the Operation of Selected Facilities Cover

Evaluation of Effectiveness of On-site Wastewater Treatment Systems Located at Roadside Rest Areas: Recognition and Diagnosis of Existing Problems in the Operation of Selected Facilities

Environmental Protection and Natural Resources
Volume 33 (2022): Issue 4 (December 2022)
By: Krzysztof Iskra,  Paula Przygoda-Kuś,  Łukasz Krawczyk and  Jan Miodoński  
Open Access
|Dec 2022

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Diagram of the treatment plant at roadside rest area “A” 1- inlet, 2- outlet, 3- settling tank and retention and averaging buffer, 4- SBR reactor, 5- compressed air inlet, 6- aeration disc, 7- drainage bed (own elaboration)
Diagram of the treatment plant at roadside rest area “A” 1- inlet, 2- outlet, 3- settling tank and retention and averaging buffer, 4- SBR reactor, 5- compressed air inlet, 6- aeration disc, 7- drainage bed (own elaboration)

Figure 2.

Diagram of biological reactor at roadside rest area “B” and “C”: 1- concrete tank, 2- biological bed, 3- effluent filter, 4- effluent outlet, 5- secondary sludge outlet, 6- settling tank wastewater inlet, 7- recirculating device, 8- air duct protection pipe, 9- aluminium lid (own elaboration)
Diagram of biological reactor at roadside rest area “B” and “C”: 1- concrete tank, 2- biological bed, 3- effluent filter, 4- effluent outlet, 5- secondary sludge outlet, 6- settling tank wastewater inlet, 7- recirculating device, 8- air duct protection pipe, 9- aluminium lid (own elaboration)

Figure 3.

Average hydraulic load of the wastewater treatment plant at rest area “A” in consecutive months of operation (own elaboration)
Average hydraulic load of the wastewater treatment plant at rest area “A” in consecutive months of operation (own elaboration)

Figure 4.

Distribution of dissolved oxygen concentration in the wastewater treatment plant at rest area “C” during successive hours of operation (own elaboration)
Distribution of dissolved oxygen concentration in the wastewater treatment plant at rest area “C” during successive hours of operation (own elaboration)

Parameters tested in the samples, and regulations defining the method of making the assays

Parameter/IndicatorRegulation specifying the method and procedure for chemical analysis
pHPN-EN ISO 10390:2022-09
total alkalinityPN-90/C-04540.02
BOD5PN-EN ISO 5815-1:2019-12
COD (total and dissolved)PN-ISO 15705:2005PN-ISO 6060:2006
forms of nitrogen (total nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen),PN-EN 25663:2001PN-ISO 7150-1:2002PN-EN ISO 13395:2001PN-82/C-04576/08
total phosphorusPN-EN ISO 6878:2006
total suspended solidsPN-EN 872

Technical parameters of discussed plants

Installation technical parametersRest Area „A”Rest Area „B”Rest Area „C”
LRLRLR
Projected inflow5.00 m3/d8.00 m3/d8.00 m3/d
Average real inflow6.25 m3/d3.35 m3/d3.80 m3/d
Volume of primary settling tank3.30 m36.70 m37.20 m3
Reactor volume3.30 m35.65 m35.95 m3
Projected retention time>15 h>17 h>17 h

The results of analytical tests of raw wastewater at the roadside rest areas studied (own elaboration)*

No.Indicative measureUnitRaw wastewater – average values (range of results)
Rest Area „A”Rest Area „B”Rest Area „C”
LRLRLR
1Reaction (PH)-7.9–8.07.8–7.98.6–8.88.2–8.48.5–8.68.5–8.8
2Total alkalinitymval/L12.519.920.720.223.419.0
3BOD5mgO2/L180(176–184)162(155–169)400(393–407)497(480–514)191(189–193)160(153–167)
4CODmgO2/L771(765–777)629(600–658)1031(950–11 12)1020(978-1062)349(324–394)384(381–407)
5COD/ BOD5-4.33.92.62.11.82.4
6BOD5/nmgO2/mgN1.50.81.51.70.80.7
7Total Kjeldahl nitrogenmgN/L123201265298232228
8Ammoniacal nitrogenmgN/L103167253252194206
9Total phosphorusmgP/L17.4(16.5–18.3)15.6(14.9–16.3)15.3(14.9–15.7)32.2j(30.1–34.3)18.1(18.0–18.2)17.1(16.2–18.0)
10Total suspended solidsmg/L280188284252172152

Analytical results for treated wastewater at the roadside rest areas studied (own elaboration)*

No.Indicative measureUnitTreated wastewater – average valuesTreated wastewater - the standard **
Rest Area „A”Rest Area „B”Rest Area „C”
LRLRLR
Average value; range of results; percentage of removal [%]
1Reaction (pH)-7.4–7.57.3–7.57.7–7.87.6–7.88.3–8.48.4–8.5-
2Total alkalinitymval/L4.43.48.35.222.018.4-
3BOD5mgO2/L13.8;15.5–14.1;92.316.0;15.3–16.7;90.172.0;71.4–72.6;82.081.0;77–85;83.740.0;38.9–41.1;79.086.0;82.7–89.3;46.040
4COD totalmgO2/L145;143–147;81.2194;193–195;69.2306;293–319;70.3463;460–466;54.6173;171–175;50.4208;205–211;45.7150
5COD dissolvedmgO2/L126166263395144179-
6Total nitrogenmgN/L59.7120196236232202-
7Kjeldahl nitrogenmgN/L38.0;69.141.4;79.4138;47.9141;52.7249;-195;14.7-
8Nitrate nitrogenmgN-NO3/L1.74.43.641.90.370.49-
9Nitrite nitrogenmgN-NO2/L20.174.155.452.76.86.9-
10Ammoniacal nitrogenmgN/L24.9;75.831.6;81.1132;47.8111;56.0162;16.5148;28.2-
11Total phosphorusmgP/L11.0;10.7–11.3;36.612.5;12.4–12.6;19.816.6;15.3–17.9;44.518.8;17.3–20.3;41.620.1; 15.3–24.9; -18.2;18.1–18.3;-
12Total suspended solidsmg/L29.0; 89.725.0, 86.723.0; 91.9191.0; 24.263.0; 63.531.0; 79.350
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2022-0011 | Journal eISSN: 2353-8589 | Journal ISSN: 1230-7831
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Language: English
Page range: 1 - 10
Published on: Dec 31, 2022
Published by: National Research Institute, Institute of Environmental Protection
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
roadside rest area,
ammonium nitrogen,
wastewater treatment
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Ecology

© 2022 Krzysztof Iskra, Paula Przygoda-Kuś, Łukasz Krawczyk, Jan Miodoński, published by National Research Institute, Institute of Environmental Protection
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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