Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
The species density of the Rubiaceae in three different forest types based on the prevalence of anthropogenic factors (UDF: undisturbed forests, SDF: semi-disturbed forests, HDF: highly disturbed forests, SD: standard deviation)
| Species name | Density (Mean + SD) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UDF | SDF | HDF | ||
| Trees | Ceriscoides campanulata Roxb. | 1.3 + 0.5 | 2.3 + 1.9 | 2.3 + 1.9 |
| Hymenodictyon flaccidum Wall. | 2.0 + 0.8 | 2.5 + 0.3 | 0 | |
| Ixora undulata Roxb. | 0 | 2.3 + 1.0 | 1.3 + 0.5 | |
| Tarenoidea wallichi Hook.f. | 1.3 + 0.5 | 0 | 0 | |
| Wendlandia coriacea DC. | 3.0 + 0.8 | 3.3 + 1.3 | 2.3 + 0.9 | |
| Wendlandia grandis Cowan. | 2.8 + 0.9 | 2.3 + 1.5 | 0 | |
| Wendlandia heynei Stantapau & Marchant. | 4.0 + 0.8 | 4.5 + 1.3 | 2.8 + 1.7 | |
| Wendlandia puberula DC. | 3.0 + 0.8 | 4.3 + 2.2 | 2.3 + 1.5 | |
| Wendlandia speciosa Cowan. | 1.8 + 0.9 | 2.0 + 0.8 | 0.5 + 0.6 | |
| Wendlandia tinchoria DC. | 2.5 + 0.6 | 3.0 + 0.8 | 1.5 + 0.6 | |
| Wendlandia wallichi Wight & Arnott. | 2.3 + 0.9 | 1.3 + 0.9 | 0 | |
| Shrubs | Catunaregam longispina Link. | 2.0 + 0.8 | 1.5 + 0.6 | 0 |
| Chassalia curvifolia Wall. | 9.3 + 1.0 | 8.3 + 1.2 | 0 | |
| Himalrandia tetrasperma Roxb. | 3.5 + 1.0 | 4.0 + 1.8 | 2.8 + 0.9 | |
| Leptodermis amoena Springate. | 1.8 + 0.9 | 3.0 + 1.4 | 5.8 + 0.9 | |
| Leptodermis kumaonensis Parker. | 2.3 + 0.5 | 3.8 + 1.7 | 1.8 + 1.0 | |
| Leptodermis stapfiana Winkler. | 1.3 + 0.5 | 2.8 + 1.7 | 0 | |
| Luculia grandifolia Ghose. | 0.8 + 0.5 | 1.3 + 0.5 | 0 | |
| Luculia gratissima (Wall.) Sweet. | 3.8 + 1.3 | 1.8 + 0.9 | 1.8 + 0.9 | |
| Morinda angustifolia L. | 0 | 5.8 + 1.3 | 2.0 + 0.8 | |
| Mussaenda frondosa L. | 0 | 2.3 + 0.5 | 0.5 + 0.6 | |
| Mussaenda glabra Vahl. | 2.5 + 1.3 | 3.5 + 1.3 | 2.3 + 1.3 | |
| Mussaenda macrophylla Wall. | 0 | 1.8 + 1.0 | 3.8 + 1.0 | |
| Mussaenda roxburghii Hook.f. | 0 | 4.8 + 1.7 | 5.3 + 2.8 | |
| Mycetia longifolia (Wall.) Kuntze. | 7.0 + 1.8 | 0 | 0 | |
| Neohymenopogon parasiticus Wall. | 5.5 + 1.3 | 4.0 + 1.8 | 0 | |
| Oxyceros fasciculata Roxb. | 3.0 + 2.2 | 1.3 + 0.5 | 0 | |
| Pavetta subcapitata Hook.f. | 3.8 + 1.8 | 5.8 + 1.3 | 0 | |
| Psilanthus bengalensis (Sc.) Leroy. | 0 | 6.8 + 1.7 | 2.8 + 1.7 | |
| Rubiaceae sp. (Pentas) | 5.8 + 1.1 | 4.0 + 1.8 | 0 | |
| Spemadictyon suaveolons Roxb. | 0 | 9.5 + 1.3 | 9.3 + 1.7 | |
| Uncaria scandens (Sm.) Hutchinson. | 1.3 + 0.5 | 1.8 + 1.0 | 1.0 + 0.8 | |
| Uncaria sessilifructus Roxb. | 1.8 + 0.9 | 1.3 + 0.5 | 1.5 + 0.6 | |
| Herbs | Argosteamma sarmentosum Wall. | 8.3 + 2.6 | 4.0 + 2.6 | 0 |
| Argosteamma verticillatum Wall. | 9.8 + 2.2 | 5.8 + 2.8 | 0 | |
| Galium aparine L. | 5.8 + 1.0 | 4.8 + 0.9 | 5.3 + 2.6 | |
| Galium asperuloides Edgeworth. | 0 | 7.3 + 2.6 | 2.8 + 1.3 | |
| Galium craticulatum Mill. | 3.0 + 0.8 | 3.5 + 1.7 | 3.8 + 0.9 | |
| Galium sp. | 0 | 7.5 + 1.3 | 3.0 + 1.8 | |
| Hedyotis auricularia L. | 0 | 3.3 + 1.5 | 4.3 + 0.9 | |
| Hedyotis scandens Roxb. | 0 | 5.3 + 1.7 | 4.0 + 0.8 | |
| Hedyotis verticillata (L.) Lam. | 0 | 5.3 + 2.6 | 4.0 + 1.4 | |
| Neonatis ingrata Lewis. | 0 | 9.0 + 2.2 | 9.5 + 2.1 | |
| Oldenlandia corymbosa L. | 0 | 1.5 + 0.7 | 3.8 + 0.9 | |
| Ophiorrhiza fasciculata Roxb. | 10 + 1.8 | 9.8 + 0.9 | 0 | |
| Ophiorrhiza mungos L. | 10 + 0.8 | 9.8 + 1.7 | 0 | |
| Ophiorrhiza rugosa Wall. | 5.3 + 1.5 | 4.8 + 1.7 | 0 | |
| Paederia foetida L. | 3.8 + 1.0 | 5.8 + 1.7 | 4.3 + 1.5 | |
| Richardia brasillensis Gomes. | 0 | 0 | 9.5 + 1.9 | |
| Rubia cordifolia auct. | 2.3 + 1.3 | 2.8 + 1.0 | 2.0 + 0.8 | |
| Rubia manjith Roxb. | 0 | 2.5 + 1.3 | 2.8 + 1.7 | |
| Rubia sikkimensis Kurz. | 1.8 + 0.9 | 1.8 + 0.9 | 1.5 + 0.6 | |
| Spemacocea latifolia Aublet. | 0 | 5.8 + 2.1 | 6.0 + 2.6 | |
| Spermacoce mauritiana Gideon. | 0 | 5.5 + 3.5 | 6.3 + 1.3 | |