Figure 1
Classification of bottom sediments quality, used by Polish Geological Institute [Bojakowska 2001, Bojakowska Sokołowska 1998]
| Heavy metal | Geochemical background | I noncontaminated | II moderately contaminated | III highly contaminated | IV very highly contaminated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pb | 15 | 30 | 100 | 200 | > 200 |
| Cd | < 0.5 | 1 | 3.5 | 6 | > 6 |
| Zn | 73 | 200 | 500 | 1000 | > 1000 |
Comparison the results with the methods for assessment of sediment contamination
| Location date and collection | Element | RME* | PEL/PEC | LEL/SEL | PGI | Igeo/class | LAW classification |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 VI 2018 | Pb | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.01/0 | I |
| Cd | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↑/↓ | I | 0.20/I | II | |
| Zn | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | 0.01/I | I-II | |
| 2 VI 2018 | Pb | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | 0.18/I | I-II |
| Cd | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -4.44/0 | I | |
| Zn | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.56/0 | I | |
| 3 VI 2018 | Pb | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | 0.08/I | I |
| Cd | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -6.42/0 | I | |
| Zn | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.54/0 | I | |
| 4 VI 2018 | Pb | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.73/0 | I |
| Cd | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.34/0 | I-II | |
| Zn | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.99/0 | I | |
| 5 VI 2018 | Pb | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.77/0 | I |
| Cd | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↑/↓ | I | 0.08/I | II | |
| Zn | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.45/0 | I | |
| 1 X 2018 | Pb | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.73/0 | I |
| Cd | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↑/↓ | I | 0.01/I | II | |
| Zn | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.46/0 | I | |
| 2 X 2018 | Pb | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.07/0 | I |
| Cd | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -5.00/0 | I | |
| Zn | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -1.01/0 | I | |
| 3 X 2018 | Pb | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | 0.07/I | I |
| Cd | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -6.03/0 | I | |
| Zn | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.59/0 | I | |
| 4 X 2018 | Pb | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -1.37/0 | I |
| Cd | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↑/↓ | I | 0.00/I | II | |
| Zn | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -0.07/0 | I-II | |
| 5 X 2018 | Pb | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↓/↓ | I | -2.92/0 | I |
| Cd | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↑/↓ | I | 0.30/I | II | |
| Zn | ↓ | ↓/↓ | ↑/↓ | I | 0.23/I | I-II |
Contents of heavy metals in samples of bottom sediments presented as mg·kg–1d_m
| x | Pb | Cd | Zn | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Location | VI 2016 | X 2016 | VI 2016 | X 2016 | VI 2016 | X 2016 |
| 1 | 22.35 | 13.52 | 0.86 | 0.76 | 110.55 | 79.82 |
| 2 | 25.42 | 21.38 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 74.32 | 54.39 |
| 3 | 23.81 | 23.69 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 75.55 | 72.64 |
| 4 | 13.54 | 8.72 | 0.59 | 0.75 | 55.21 | 104.30 |
| 5 | 13.22 | 2.98 | 0.80 | 0.92 | 80.15 | 128.00 |
| M | 19.66 | 14.06 | 0.46 | 0.49 | 79.15 | 87.83 |
| SD | 5.84 | 8.63 | 0.41 | 0.44 | 19.98 | 28.72 |
| Gb | 15 | 0.5 | 73 | |||
The limit value of trace elements in sediments (presented as mg·kg–1d_m_) [Macdonald et al_ 2000, http://ekoinfonet_gios_gov_pl]
| Heavy metal | RME | PEL | PEC | LEL | SEL |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pb | 200 | 91 | 128 | 31 | 250 |
| Cd | 7.5 | 3.5 | 4.98 | 0.6 | 10 |
| Zn | 1000 | 315 | 459 | 120 | 820 |
Geoaccumulation indexes for metals [Müller 1981]
| Index Value Class | Class | Description quality of sediment |
|---|---|---|
| Igeo ≤ 0 | 0 | uncontaminated |
| 0 < Igeo < 1 | 1 | uncontaminated contaminated to moderately |
| 1 < Igeo < 2 | 2 | moderately contaminated |
| 2 < Igeo < 3 | 3 | moderately contaminated to strongly |
| 3 < Igeo < 4 | 4 | strongly contaminated |
| 4 < Igeo < 5 | 5 | strongly contaminated to extremely |
| 5 < Igeo | 6 | extremely contaminated |
Permissible concentration of heavy metals in bottom sediments by LAW classification [Länderarbeitsgemeinschaft Wasser 1998]
| Element | Pb | Cd | Zn | Sediment quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | ≤ 25 | ≤ 0.3 | ≤ 100 | I - Uncontaminated |
| I-II | ≤ 50 | ≤ 0.6 | ≤ 200 | I-Moderately II - Contaminated polluted / |
| II | ≤ 100 | ≤ 1.2 | ≤ 400 | II - Moderately polluted |
| II-III | ≤ 200 | ≤ 2.4 | ≤ 800 | II-III - Moderately polluted / Heavily contaminated |
| III | ≤400 | ≤ 4.8 | ≤ 1600 | III - Heavily polluted |
| III-IV | ≤ 800 | ≤ 9.6 | ≤ 3200 | III-IV heavily - Strongly polluted / Very |
| IV | > 800 | > 9.6 | > 3200 | IV - Very polluted heavily |