First record of the abyssal bivalve Halicardia flexuosa (Bivalvia: Verticordiidae) in the Bay of Biscay

Andrés Arias; Irene Fernández-Rodríguez; Nuria Anadón

doi:10.2478/ohs-2019-0037

Figures & Tables

Halicardia flexuosa. A: external view of the left valve; B: internal view of the left valve; C: external view of the right valve; D: internal view of the right valve; E: anterior view; F: posterior view; G: external view of the right valve with the attached brachiopod Hispanirhynchia cornea. All scale bars: 1 cm

Holotype of Mytilimeria flexuosa Verrill & S. Smith, 1881 (= Halicardia flexuosa (Verrill & S. Smith [in Verrill], 1881)). A: external view of the left valve; B: internal view of the left valve; C: external view of the right valve; D: internal view of the right valve. Scale bar: 1 cm. Adapted from the Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

Global distribution map of Halicardia flexuosa. Square: locality from the present study; circles: localities from bibliography data. Date of the first record of the species for each locality is included

Updated summary of the worldwide records of Halicardia flexuosa

Locality	Coordinates	Year	Ocean	Cruise	Sampling method	Depth (m)	Substrate	N^⍛ Ind.	Reference
Martha’s Vineyard (Massachusetts)	n/a	1881	NW Atlantic	U.S. Fish Commission	rake-dredge	570	sand/mud	2 valves	Verrill 1881
Cabo (Sahara) Blanco	n/a	1883	NE Atlantic	Talisman	n/a	1495–2300	n/a	3 fresh specimens + 1 valve	Locard 1898
Gulf of Maine	n/a	1885	NW Atlantic	Albatross/U.S. Fish Commission	n/a	1238	brown sand	1 dead specimen	Dall 1895
West coast of Scotland	57°41ʹN; 11°48ʹW	1910	NE Atlantic	Michael Sars’ North Atlantic	n/a	1853	n/a	n/a	Grieg 1920
New Scotland	42°40ʹN; 62°49ʹ30ʹʹW	1913	NW Atlantic	Prince de Monaco	trawling	1458	n/a	2 valves	Dautzenberg 1927
Namibia	23°00ʹS; 12°45ʹE	?1968	SE Atlantic	Atlanti s II	n/a	1007–1014	n/a	1 ?dead specimen	Allen & Turner 1974
Cape St. Vincent (South Iberian Peninsula)	36°45ʹN; 9°32ʹW	1984	NE Atlantic	Balgim Expedition	n/a	1592	ooze?	1 ?fresh specimen	Salas 1996
Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone	52°58ʹN; 34°52ʹW	2004	Mid Atlantic	G.O. Sars MAR-ECO cruise	trawling	1650	n/a	1 ?fresh specimen	Gebruk et al. 2010
Galician Bank (NW Spain)	n/a	2010–2011	NE Atlantic	INDEMARES	Bou de Vara/GOC	1720	soft	n/a	IEO* 2014
Avilés Canyon System (central Cantabrian Sea)	43°58.01ʹN; 6°30.95ʹW	2013	NE Atlantic	BIOCANT cruise	Agassiz dredge	1200	sand	1 fresh specimen + 3 valves	Present paper
SW Iceland	63°05.67ʹN; 26°52.12ʹW and 63°08.67ʹN; 26°52.92ʹW	2015	NE Atlantic	R/V Árni Fridricksson	trawling	1281–1300	clay	2 fresh specimens + some loose valves	Delongueville et al. 2016
Rhode Island (Massachusetts)	41°13ʹN; 66°19.83ʹW	n/a	NW Atlantic	n/a	n/a	137–1210	n/a	1 valve	Dall 1889
Cape Point (South Africa)	n/a	n/a	SE Atlantic	Pieter Faure	n/a	840–1188	n/a	some valves	Soot-Ryen 1966

First record of the abyssal bivalve Halicardia flexuosa (Bivalvia: Verticordiidae) in the Bay of Biscay

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Updated summary of the worldwide records of Halicardia flexuosa

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