Otolith phenotypic analysis for the endemic Anatolian fish species, Caucasian bleak Alburnus escherichii Steindachner, 1897 (Teleostei, Leuciscidae), from Selevir Reservoir, Akarçay Basin, Turkey

Ozpicak, Melek; Saygin, Semra; Yilmaz, Savas; Polat, Nazmi

doi:10.2478/oandhs-2021-0037

Figures & Tables

Sampling area of A. escherichii; (•) Selevir Reservoir

Lagenar (asteriscus) and utricular (lapillus) otoliths in A. escherichii sampled from Selevir Reservoir; the distal (a) view of the right asteriscus and the dorsal (b) view of the right lapillus (AL – asteriscus length; AH – asteriscus height; LL – lapillus length; LW – lapillus width; A – anterior; P – posterior; D – dorsal; V – ventral; L – lateral; M – medial), Scale bar = 1mm

SEM pictures of utricular and lagenar otolith pairs in A. escherrichii. (a) Right asteriscus on the distal side; (b) right asteriscus on the proximal side (upper sample = 960 mm TL; lower sample = 1410 mm TL); (c) right lapillus on the dorsal side; (d) right lapillus on the ventral side (upper sample = 960 mm TL; lower sample = 1410 mm TL). A – anterior; P – posterior; D – dorsal; V – ventral; L – lateral; M – medial; lm – lobus major; fa – fossa acustica; Scale bar = 1 mm

Relationships between Lt and otolith dimensions

Variable		Linear		r²	Power		r²
Variable		a	b	r²	a	b	r²
Length	Asteriscus	0.365	0.120	0.533	0.264	0.773	0.539
	Right lapillus	0.475	0.093	0.556	0.290	0.683	0.563
	Left lapillus	0.469	0.096	0.565	0.288	0.696	0.569
Height	Right asteriscus	0.628	0.093	0557	0.373	0.620	0.563
Height	Left asteriscus	0.623	0.094	0.546	0.369	0.627	0.551
Width	Lapillus	0.369	0.067	0.392	0.246	0.627	0.389
Weight	Asteriscus	−0.0009	0.0002	0.500	2E−05	1.713	0.474
Weight	Lapillus	−0.0016	0.0003	0.488	8E−06	2.111	0.546
Perimeter	Asteriscus	0.886	0.463	0.581	0.806	0.835	0.585
	Right lapillus	1.346	0.256	0.550	0.856	0.659	0.548
	Left lapillus	1.338	0.263	0.554	0.850	0.669	0.550
Area	Right asteriscus	−0.466	0.217	0.594	0.093	1.255	0.610
	Left asteriscus	−0.482	0.220	0.594	0.092	1.266	0.606
	Right lapillus	−0.407	0.150	0.524	0.058	1.275	0.533
	Left lapillus	−0.422	0.155	0.527	0.058	1.289	0.539

Descriptive statistics of otolith characteristics for Caucasian bleak by length classes

Character		Otolith length			Otolith height/width			Otolith weight			Otolith perimeter			Otolith area
Character		Min.	Max	Mean ± SD	Min.	Max	Mean ± SD	Min.	Max	Mean ± SD	Min.	Max	Mean ± SD	Min.	Max	Mean ± DS
Class I (6.7–10.9 cm L_t) (N = 94)	RA	0.985	1.907	1.596 ± 0.15	1.082	1.991	1.596 ± 0.15	0.00036	0.00140	0.00095 ± 0.0002	3.500	6.507	5.591 ± 0.51	0.772	2.397	1.742 ± 0.22
	LA	0.998	1.915	1.591 ± 0.15	1.053	1.863	1.582 ± 0.12	0.00037	0.00143	0.00095 ± 0.0002	3.442	6.764	5.633 ± 0.52	0.767	2.362	1.756 ± 0.23
	RL	0.919	1.616	1.420 ± 0.11	0.733	1.460	1.058 ± 0.10	0.00024	0.00174	0.00115 ± 0.0002	2.644	4.610	3.965 ± 0.30	0.506	1.502	1.128 ± 0.16
	LL	0.919	1.678	1.452 ± 0.11	0.733	1.770	1.063 ± 0.12	0.00024	0.00183	0.00115 ± 0.0002	2.644	4.678	4.028 ± 0.30	0.506	1.553	1.160 ± 0.16
Class II (11.0–15.0 cm L_t) (N = 60)	RA	1.356	2.681	1.782 ± 0.20	1.304	2.197	1.720 ± 0.13	0.00031	0.00301	0.00122 ± 0.0003	4.707	8.865	6.347 ± 0.70	1.224	3.471	2.094 ± 0.34
	LA	1.257	2.542	1.776 ± 0.19	1.330	2.290	1.730 ± 0.19	0.00032	0.00307	0.00122 ± 0.0004	4.117	9.444	6.267 ± 0.92	1.254	3.519	2.108 ± 0.34
	RL	1.176	2.074	1.555 ± 0.15	0.807	1.693	1.154 ± 0.13	0.00050	0.00468	0.00155 ± 0.0006	3.205	5.959	4.344 ± 0.42	0.724	2.489	1.350 ± 0.27
	LL	1.151	2.170	1.591 ± 0.15	0.815	1.770	1.161 ± 0.141	0.00050	0.00482	0.00155 ± 0.0006	3.206	6.099	4.409 ± 0.43	0.709	2.615	1.187 ± 0.28
Total (N = 154)	RA	0.985	2.681	1.67 ± 0.19	1.082	2.197	1.630 ± 0.14	0.00031	0.00301	0.00105 ± 0.0003	3.500	8.865	5.886 ± 0.70	0.772	3.471	1.879 ± 0.32
	LA	0.998	2.542	1.66 ± 0.19	1.053	2.290	1.639 ± 0.15	0.00032	0.00307	0.00106 ± 0.0003	2.117	9.444	5.880 ± 0.77	0.767	3.519	1.893 ± 0.33
	RL	0.919	2.074	1.47 ± 0.14	0.733	1.693	1.096 ± 0.12	0.00024	0.00482	0.00131 ± 0.0005	2.644	5.959	4.113 ± 0.40	0.506	2.489	1.214 ± 0.24
	LL	0.919	2.170	1.51 ± 0.15	0.733	1.770	1.101 ± 0.14	0.00024	0.00468	0.00131 ± 0.0005	2.644	6.099	4.177 ± 0.41	0.506	2.615	1.248 ± 0.24

Descriptive statistics of shape indices for Caucasian bleak (right otolith) except Ellipticity; both right (R) and left (L) otolith pairs

	Class I		Class II		Total
Shape Indices/Otoliths (Mean ± SD)	Asteriscus	Lapillus	Asteriscus	Lapillus	Asteriscus	Lapillus
Aspect Ratio	1.015 ± 0.06	1.347 ± 0.09	1.036 ± 0.07	1.352 ± 0.07	1.023 ± 0.06	1.349 ± 0.08
Form Factor	0.702 ± 0.06	0.897 ± 0.02	0.656 ± 0.06	0.891 ± 0.02	0.684 ± 0.07	0.894 ± 0.02
Roundness	0.873 ± 0.07	0.710 ± 0.04	0.844 ± 0.09	0.705 ± 0.04	0.862 ± 0.08	0.708 ± 0.04
Circularity	18.036 ± 1.69	14.011 ± 0.25	19.340 ± 1.96	14.105 ± 0.29	18.544 ± 1.90	14.048 ± 0.27
Rectangularity	1.717 ± 0.22	0.841 ± 0.14	2.022 ± 0.29	1.004 ± 0.24	1.837 ± 0.20	0.905 ± 0.20
Ellipticity	0.007 ± 0.03	0.147 ± 0.03 (R)	0.016 ± 0.03	0.149 ± 0.03 (R)	0.011 ± 0.03	1.147 ± 0.03 (R)
Ellipticity		1.826 ± 0.16 (L)		1.967 ± 0.17 (L)		1.880 ± 1.17 (L)

Classification matrices for predicted group membership of A_ escherichii according to otolith shape

Length Classes		Predicted Group Membership^*
Length Classes		Class I	Class II
%	Class I	81.9	18.1
%	Class II	23.3	76.7

Otolith phenotypic analysis for the endemic Anatolian fish species, Caucasian bleak Alburnus escherichii Steindachner, 1897 (Teleostei, Leuciscidae), from Selevir Reservoir, Akarçay Basin, Turkey

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Relationships between Lt and otolith dimensions

Descriptive statistics of otolith characteristics for Caucasian bleak by length classes

Descriptive statistics of shape indices for Caucasian bleak (right otolith) except Ellipticity; both right (R) and left (L) otolith pairs

Classification matrices for predicted group membership of A_ escherichii according to otolith shape

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