Effects of feed on fatty acid composition in muscles and gonads of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)

Zou, Jianmin; Song, Chao; Meng, Shunlong; Hu, Gengdong; Qiu, Liping; Fan, Limin; Chen, Jiazhang

doi:10.2478/oandhs-2021-0029

Figures & Tables

Area maps of six main fatty acids and total fatty acid content. (A) All gonad samples are ordered by total fatty acid content. (B) All muscle samples are ordered by total fatty acid content

Redundancy analysis (RDA) graph of gonad and muscle samples. (A) Gonad samples from the Chinese mitten crab reared using two different types of feed are clustered in two different regions and showed significant separation (p < 0.05). (B) Muscle samples from the Chinese mitten crab reared using two different types of feed also are clustered in two different regions and showed significant separation (p < 0.05)

Comparison of average fatty acid content in samples from crabs receiving different types of feed. (A) Comparison of levels of different fatty acids in gonad samples from different feed groups. (B) Comparison of levels of various fatty acids from muscle samples from different feed groups

Fatty acid composition in formulated feed and frozen trash fish

Correlations between fatty acids in feed and fatty acids in samples. (A) Analysis of correlation between levels of fatty acids in samples and their levels in feed by using levels of fatty acids in feed (y-axis coordinates) and their corresponding levels in crab gonad samples (x-axis coordinates). (B) Analysis of correlation between levels of fatty acids in samples and their levels in feed by using levels of fatty acids in feed (y-axis coordinates) and their levels in crab muscle samples (x-axis coordinates)

Nutritional value of fatty acids. (A) Comparison of SFA, MUFA, PUFA, and trans-fatty acid levels between gonad and muscle samples from two different feed groups and common food products. (B) Comparison of total fatty acid content between gonad and muscle samples from crabs receiving two different types of feed and different fish products. (C) Comparison of total ω-3PUFA and ω-6PUFA content between gonad and muscle samples from crabs receiving two different types of feed and different fish products. (D) Comparison of DHA+EPA content between gonad and muscle samples from crabs receiving two different types of feed and different fish products. Data on other fish products come from Zhang et al. (2014).

j_oandhs-2021-0029_apptab_001

No.	Names	Abbreviation	CAS Number	Category 1	Category 2
1	Methyl butyrate	C4:0	623-42-7	SFA	SCFA
2	Methyl hexanoate	C6:0	106-70-7	SFA	MCFA
3	Methyl octanoate	C8:0	111-11-5	SFA	MCFA
4	Methyl decanoate	C10:0	110-42-9	SFA	MCFA
5	Methyl undecanoate	C11:0	1731-86-8	SFA	MCFA
6	Methyl laurate	C12:0	111-82-0	SFA	MCFA
7	Methyl tridecanoate	C13:0	1731-88-0	SFA	LCFA
8	Methyl myristate	C14:0	124-10-7	SFA	LCFA
9	Methyl myristoleate	C14:1	56219-06-8	MUFA	LCFA
10	Methyl pentadecanoate	C15:0	7132-64-1	SFA	LCFA
11	Methyl cis-10-pentadecenoate	C15:1	90176-53-6	MUFA	LCFA
12	Methyl palmitate	C16:0	112-39-0	SFA	LCFA
13	Methyl palmitoleate	C16:1	1120-25-8	MUFA	LCFA
14	Methyl heptadecanoate	C17:0	1731-92-6	SFA	LCFA
15	cis-10-Heptadecanoic acid methyl ester	C17:1	75190-82-8	MUFA	LCFA
16	Methyl octadecanoate	C18:0	112-61-8	SFA	LCFA
17	trans-9-Elaidic acid methyl ester	C18:1n9t	1937-61-88	MUFA	LCFA
18	cis-9-Oleic acid methyl ester	C18:1n9c	112-62-9	MUFA	LCFA
19	Methyl linolelaidate	C18:2n6t	2566-97-4	PUFA	LCFA
20	Methyl linoleate	C18:2n6c	112-63-0	PUFA	LCFA
21	Methyl arachidate	C20:0	1120-28-1	SFA	LCFA
22	Methyl γ-linolenate	C18:3n6	16326-32-2	PUFA	LCFA
23	Methyl cis-11-eicosenoate	C20:1	2390/9/2	MUFA	LCFA
24	Methyl linolenate	C18:3n3	301-00-8	PUFA	LCFA
25	Methyl heneicosanoate	C21:0	6064-90-0	SFA	LCFA
26	cis-11,14-Eicosadienoic acid methyl ester	C20:2	2463/2/7	PUFA	LCFA
27	Methyl behenate	C22:0	929-77-1	SFA	LCFA
28	cis-8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid methyl ester	C20:3n6	21061-10-9	PUFA	LCFA
29	Methyl erucate	C22:1n9	1120-34-9	MUFA	LCFA
30	cis-11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic acid methyl ester	C20:3n3	55682-88-7	PUFA	LCFA
31	cis-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid methyl ester	C20:4n6	2433-97-8	PUFA	LCFA
32	Methyl tricosanoate	C23:0	2566-89-4	SFA	LCFA
33	cis-13,16-Docosadienoic acid methyl ester	C22:2	61012-47-6	PUFA	LCFA
34	Methyl lignocerate	C24:0	2442-49-1	SFA	LCFA
35	cis-5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid methyl ester	C20:5n3	2734-47-6	PUFA	LCFA
36	Methyl nervonate	C24:1	2733-88-2	MUFA	LCFA
37	cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoic acid methyl ester	C22:6n3	2566-90-7	PUFA	LCFA

Description of aquaculture ponds for the Chinese mitten crab

Pond	Area (ha)	Feed	Feed coefficient	Rearing density (ind. ha⁻¹)	Juvenile crab size (g)	Yield (kg ha⁻¹)	Adult crab specifications (g)
Pond 1	1.2	Formulated feed	2.2	19 500	9.1	3988	175
Pond 2	0.2	Frozen trash fish	3.5	12 000	9.1	2578	190

Distribution of fatty acids in crab gonads

Abbreviation	Detection frequency (%)	Percentile (mg 100g⁻¹)
Abbreviation	Detection frequency (%)	25th	50th	75th	Maximum	Mean
C4:0	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C6:0	52.94	-	1.63	4.89	9.43	2.69
C8:0	100	5.59	6.06	6.57	24.81	7.13
C10:0	100	7.60	9.06	9.36	25.14	9.34
C11:0	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C12:0	100	18.91	29.81	31.87	73.16	29.17
C13:0	100	7.01	8.93	11.19	21.49	9.75
C14:0	100	178.49	338.62	537.07	755.70	350.50
C14:1	100	19.42	50.59	97.86	118.08	56.41
C15:0	100	54.70	92.82	144.12	181.37	96.38
C15:1	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C16:0	100	1669.37	2083.94	2519.33	5631.49	2341.52
C16:1	100	830.37	1047.71	1505.30	3402.25	1329.30
C17:0	100	48.88	80.70	118.06	173.58	87.65
C17:1	100	43.97	71.69	109.13	195.01	83.73
C18:0	100	267.84	336.02	395.19	841.47	363.02
C18:1n9t	100	37.27	56.52	82.12	231.50	73.50
C18:1n9c	100	2186.39	2571.46	3306.56	7773.32	3036.25
C18:2n6t	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C18:2n6c	100	1201.22	1656.27	2297.24	5048.97	1873.42
C20:0	100	31.13	35.94	54.50	84.40	41.83
C18:3n6	100	16.35	18.84	25.02	71.58	22.23
C20:1	100	12.50	16.75	20.80	102.28	20.30
C18:3n3	100	281.29	402.50	468.10	964.27	407.59
C21:0	100	9.23	10.24	15.66	38.93	13.75
C20:2	100	94.35	133.82	155.71	374.54	149.82
C22:0	100	15.03	23.47	34.29	66.24	25.97
C20:3n6	100	25.14	32.54	37.79	128.94	40.77
C22:1n9	100	10.21	19.63	31.64	43.70	21.85
C20:3n3	100	38.40	54.95	83.99	217.15	68.70
C20:4n6	100	96.68	150.36	174.32	407.14	167.52
C23:0	100	15.10	25.09	31.13	78.76	28.33
C22:2	100	2.73	3.34	4.38	9.74	4.24
C24:0	100	12.42	17.32	23.02	50.07	19.70
C20:5n3	100	206.15	338.46	476.44	691.65	344.24
C24:1	100	13.96	25.15	37.46	58.36	26.38
C22:6n3	100	482.72	891.35	1093.81	1324.45	769.28
Total fatty acids	/	8654.14	11227.59	13460.34	28208.63	11922.26

Distribution of fatty acids in crab muscles

Abbreviation	Detection frequency (%)	Percentile (mg 100g⁻¹)
Abbreviation	Detection frequency (%)	25th	50th	75th	Maximum	Mean
C4:0	88.24	0.70	0.87	0.96	4.65	1.18
C6:0	70.59	-	0.98	1.35	4.30	1.03
C8:0	58.82	-	0.49	0.80	4.22	0.72
C10:0	47.06	-	-	0.62	3.26	0.42
C11:0	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C12:0	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C13:0	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C14:0	100	1.03	1.74	3.74	34.66	4.48
C14:1	64.71	-	0.78	0.93	9.56	1.11
C15:0	100	0.46	0.72	1.29	6.83	1.17
C15:1	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C16:0	100	10.72	29.81	41.03	247.69	41.45
C16:1	100	7.10	13.92	25.73	133.61	21.57
C17:0	100	0.80	1.30	2.17	10.68	2.03
C17:1	94.12	0.79	1.31	2.04	9.72	1.99
C18:0	100	8.26	18.65	20.99	99.95	21.74
C18:1n9t	82.35	0.43	0.82	1.47	3.78	1.05
C18:1n9c	100	25.48	69.68	98.31	424.97	90.10
C18:2n6t	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C18:2n6c	100	15.61	46.25	55.20	177.76	50.97
C20:0	100	0.57	0.95	1.46	6.52	1.36
C18:3n6	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C20:1	100	1.08	1.84	2.64	23.57	3.53
C18:3n3	100	3.94	7.14	12.23	42.32	10.70
C21:0	52.94	-	0.19	0.31	0.82	0.20
C20:2	100	2.22	6.31	9.40	18.76	6.71
C22:0	100	0.71	1.27	1.94	6.21	1.68
C20:3n6	41.18	-	-	1.31	2.44	0.68
C22:1n9	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C20:3n3	100	0.65	1.03	1.63	3.58	1.22
C20:4n6	100	5.87	17.91	27.98	74.92	20.43
C23:0	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C22:2	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C24:0	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C20:5n3	100	24.24	43.82	56.79	304.72	61.02
C24:1	ND	-	-	-	-	-
C22:6n3	100	32.90	50.38	72.24	467.12	84.21
Total fatty acids	/	144.90	313.94	413.57	2122.05	432.73

Effects of feed on fatty acid composition in muscles and gonads of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)

Figures & Tables

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Figure 6

j_oandhs-2021-0029_apptab_001

Description of aquaculture ponds for the Chinese mitten crab

Distribution of fatty acids in crab gonads

Distribution of fatty acids in crab muscles

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