Have a personal or library account? Click to login
When and How Should Chloride Profiles be Calibrated for Paste Fraction? Cover

When and How Should Chloride Profiles be Calibrated for Paste Fraction?

Open Access
|Jul 2022

References

  1. 1. Zou R, Yu A: “The packing of spheres in a cylindrical container: the thickness effect”. Chemical engineering science, Vol 50, No. 9, 1995, pp. 1504-150710.1016/0009-2509(94)00483-8
  2. 2. Larrard F D: “Packing density and homogeneity of granular mixes”. Chapter 1, “Concrete mixture proportioning: a scientific approach” (Edited by F. De Larrard), CRC Press, London, UK, 1999, pp. 1-76.<a href="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781482272055" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="text-signal-blue hover:underline">10.1201/9781482272055</a>
  3. 3. Hansen E Ø, Iskau M R, Hasholt M T: “Chloride Ingress in Concrete with Different Age at Time of First Chloride Exposure”. Nordic Concrete Research, Vol 55, No. 2, 2016, pp. 9-26.
  4. 4. NORDTEST: “NT BUILD 443 Concrete, hardened: accelerated chloride penetration”. Espoo, Finland, 1995, 5 pp.
  5. 5. Danish Standard: “DS/EN 12390-11:2015, Testing hardened concrete - Part 11: Determination of the chloride resistance of concrete, unidirectional diffusion”. København, Danmark, 35 pp.
  6. 6. Poulsen S L, Sørensen H E: “Chloride ingress in old Danish bridges”. Proceedings, 2nd International Congress on Durability of Concrete (ICDC), New Delhi, India, 2014.
  7. 7. Danish Road Directorate: “HETEK Report No.94: Chloride penetration into concrete – Relevant test methods”. “APM 214 Concrete testing - Hardened concrete - Calcium content” (edited by, J.M. Frederiksen,.Vedbæk, Denmark, 1995, 3 pp. (in Danish).
  8. 8. Weerdt K D, Orsáková D, Müller A C A, Larsen C K, Pedersen B M, Geiker M R: “Towards the understanding of chloride profiles in marine exposed concrete, impact of leaching and moisture content”. Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 120, No. 1, 2016, pp. 418-431.<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.069" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="text-signal-blue hover:underline">10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.069</a>
  9. 9. Glasser F P, Marchand J, Samson E: “Durability of concrete – Degradation phenomena involving detrimental chemical reactions”. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 38, No. 2, 2008, pp. 226-246.<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.09.015" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="text-signal-blue hover:underline">10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.09.015</a>
  10. 10. Fjendbo S, Sørensen H E, Weerdt K D, Geiker M R: “Correlating the development of chloride profiles and microstructural changes in marine concrete up to ten years”. Manuscript submitted for publication, 2021.<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104590" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="text-signal-blue hover:underline">10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104590</a>
  11. 11. Boubitsas D, Tang L, Utgenannt P: “Chloride Ingress in Concrete Exposed to Marine Environment-Field data up to 20 years’ exposure”. CBI Report to SBUF Project 12684, 2014.
  12. 12. Fehmarnbelt Exposure Site: http://www.concreteexpertcentre.dk/30663. (Accessed 15th of March 2021), 2015.
  13. 13. Poulsen S L, Sørensen H E, Jönsson U: “Chloride ingress in concrete blocks at the Rødbyhavn marine exposure site – Status after 5 years”. Proceedings, 4th International Conference on Service Life Design for Infrastructures (SLD4), Delft, Netherlands, 2018, pp. 192-203.
  14. 14. Pade C: “Concrete Blocks for Exposure Site at Rødbyfærgehavn” Unpublished, 2010.
  15. 15. Herholdt A D, Justesen C F P, Nepper-Christensen P, Nielsen A: “Beton-Bogen” (the concrete book). Cementfabrikkernes tekniske oplysningskontor, Aalborg Portland, Aalborg, Denmark, 1985. (in Danish)
  16. 16. DMI, 2020: https://www.dmi.dk/vejrarkiv/ .(Accessed 3rd of January 2020).
  17. 17. Danish Standard: “DS/EN 14629:2007, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods - Determination of chloride content in hardened concrete”. København, Danmark, 16 pp.
  18. 18. SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute: “Estimation of Cement/Binder Profile Parallel to the Determination of Chloride Profile in Concrete: NORDTEST Project No. 1581-02,Borås, Sweden, 2003, 34 pp.
  19. 19. Collepardi M, Marcialis A, Turriziani R: “The kinetics of chloride ions penetration in concrete”. Il cemento, Vol. 67, 1970 pp. 157-164.
  20. 20. Mejlbro L: “The complete solution of Fick’s second law of diffusion with time-dependent diffusion coefficient and surface concentration”, Chapter 8, “Durability of concrete in saline environment” (Edited by P. Sandberg), Cementa AB, Lund, Sweden, 1996, pp. 127-158.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ncr-2021-0021 | Journal eISSN: 2545-2819 | Journal ISSN: 0800-6377
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 18
Submitted on: Dec 22, 2021
Accepted on: May 16, 2022
Published on: Jul 11, 2022
Published by: Nordic Concrete Federation
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 times per year

© 2022 Simon Fjendbo, Klaartje De Weerdt, Henrik Erndahl Sørensen, Mette Rica Geiker, published by Nordic Concrete Federation
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.