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Synthesis and characterisation of magnesium-doped nanoparticles by the microwave combustion technique for novel applications Cover

Synthesis and characterisation of magnesium-doped nanoparticles by the microwave combustion technique for novel applications

Open Access
|Mar 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

MW heating mechanism corresponding to (a) dipolar polarisation and (b) ionic conduction.
MW heating mechanism corresponding to (a) dipolar polarisation and (b) ionic conduction.

Figure 2

Ideal cubic perovskite structure (ABO3).
Ideal cubic perovskite structure (ABO3).

Figure 3

Perovskite structure.
Perovskite structure.

Figure 4

Image of spinel oxide.
Image of spinel oxide.

Figure 5

Spinel crystal.
Spinel crystal.

Figure 6

XRD plot of Ni1−x
                     Mg
                        x
                     Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples.
XRD plot of Ni1−x Mg x Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples.

Figure 7

Peak shift of Ni1−x
                     Cu
                        x
                     Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples.
Peak shift of Ni1−x Cu x Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples.

Figure 8

Lattice parameter variation in Ni1−x
                     Cu
                        x
                     Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples.
Lattice parameter variation in Ni1−x Cu x Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples.

Figure 9

FTIR spectra of Ni1−x
                     Mg
                        x
                     Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples.
FTIR spectra of Ni1−x Mg x Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples.

Figure 10

HR-SEM images of (a) Ni1Mg0Fe2O4, (b) Ni0.9Mg0.1Fe2O4, (c) Ni0.8Mg0.2Fe2O4, (d) Ni0.7Mg0.3Fe2O4, (e) Ni0.6Mg0.4Fe2O4, and (f) Ni0.5Mg0.5Fe2O4 samples.
HR-SEM images of (a) Ni1Mg0Fe2O4, (b) Ni0.9Mg0.1Fe2O4, (c) Ni0.8Mg0.2Fe2O4, (d) Ni0.7Mg0.3Fe2O4, (e) Ni0.6Mg0.4Fe2O4, and (f) Ni0.5Mg0.5Fe2O4 samples.

Figure 11

EDX images of (a) Ni1Mg0Fe2O4, (b) Ni0.9Mg0.1Fe2O4, (c) Ni0.8Mg0.2Fe2O4, (d) Ni0.7Mg0.3Fe2O4, (e) Ni0.6Mg0.4Fe2O4, and (f) Ni0.5Mg0.5Fe2O4 samples.
EDX images of (a) Ni1Mg0Fe2O4, (b) Ni0.9Mg0.1Fe2O4, (c) Ni0.8Mg0.2Fe2O4, (d) Ni0.7Mg0.3Fe2O4, (e) Ni0.6Mg0.4Fe2O4, and (f) Ni0.5Mg0.5Fe2O4 samples.

Figure 12

Magnetic hysteresis of Ni1−x
                     Mg
                        x
                     Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples.
Magnetic hysteresis of Ni1−x Mg x Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples.

Figure 13

(F(R)hν)2 versus hν plots Ni1–x
                     Mg
                        x
                     Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) for (a) A sample and (b) F sample.
(F(R)hν)2 versus hν plots Ni1–x Mg x Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) for (a) A sample and (b) F sample.

Figure 14

Mg2+ fraction vs energy gap of Ni1−x
                     Mg
                        x
                     Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples.
Mg2+ fraction vs energy gap of Ni1−x Mg x Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples.

Hc, Mr, and Ms values of Ni1–x Mg x Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0_5) nanoparticles_

Sample codeHc (Oe)Mr (emu/g)Ms (emu/g)
A337.015.2117.37
B502.145.4518.24
C171.115.5420.94
D217.086.1722.35
E195.297.3525.79
F158.776.5224.72

Sample code, crystallite size, lattice parameter, and band gap values of Ni1−x Mg x Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0_5) samples_

SampleSample code L (nm) D (nm) a (Å)Eg (eV)
NiFe2O4 A20208.3803.35
Ni0.9Mg0.1Fe2O4 B22218.3773.29
Ni0.8Mg0.2Fe2O4 C24238.3743.25
Ni0.7Mg0.3Fe2O4 D27258.3712.97
Ni0.6Mg0.4Fe2O4 E29278.3682.73
Ni0.5Mg0.5Fe2O4 F31308.3652.32
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2025-0008 | Journal eISSN: 2083-134X | Journal ISSN: 2083-1331
Language: English
Page range: 80 - 92
Submitted on: Oct 19, 2024
Accepted on: Jan 13, 2025
Published on: Mar 31, 2025
Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2025 Sivaraman Baskar, Sivaraman Kanithan, Natarajan Arun Vignesh, N. Santhosh, Faisal M. Alfaisal, Shamshad Alam, Hasan Sh. Majidi, Sameer Algburi, Osamah J. Al-sareji, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.