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Microstructure morphology and aging characteristics of 9% Cr martensitic heat-resistant steel after service Cover

Microstructure morphology and aging characteristics of 9% Cr martensitic heat-resistant steel after service

Open Access
|Dec 2024

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Metallographic morphology of P91 steel.
Metallographic morphology of P91 steel.

Figure 2

Metallographic morphology of P92 steel (laser confocal microscopy).
Metallographic morphology of P92 steel (laser confocal microscopy).

Figure 3

Microstructure morphology of P91 steel (SEM).
Microstructure morphology of P91 steel (SEM).

Figure 4

Microstructure morphology of P91 steel (TEM).
Microstructure morphology of P91 steel (TEM).

Figure 5

Polygonal and spherical M23C6.
Polygonal and spherical M23C6.

Figure 6

Strip-like M23C6.
Strip-like M23C6.

Figure 7

Spherical MX phase.
Spherical MX phase.

Figure 8

Cubic MX phase.
Cubic MX phase.

Figure 9

Short rod MX phase.
Short rod MX phase.

Figure 10

Martensite lath and dislocation entanglement.
Martensite lath and dislocation entanglement.

Figure 11

Microstructure of martensitic steel after 40,000 h of operation.
Microstructure of martensitic steel after 40,000 h of operation.

Figure 12

Microstructure of martensitic steel after 90,000 h of operation.
Microstructure of martensitic steel after 90,000 h of operation.

Figure 13

Microstructure of P91 steel with abnormal heat treatment.
Microstructure of P91 steel with abnormal heat treatment.

Figure 14

Laves phase in martensitic steel.
Laves phase in martensitic steel.

Figure 15

Microstructure of P91 sample as observed by a light microscope.
Microstructure of P91 sample as observed by a light microscope.

Figure 16

Microstructure of P91 sample under a laser confocal microscope.
Microstructure of P91 sample under a laser confocal microscope.

Figure 17

P92 abnormal metallographic structure of the pipeline.
P92 abnormal metallographic structure of the pipeline.

Figure 18

Abnormal growth of the precipitated phase in martensitic steel.
Abnormal growth of the precipitated phase in martensitic steel.

Figure 19

Ferrite appearing in martensitic steel.
Ferrite appearing in martensitic steel.

Figure 20

Disappearance of lath in martensitic steel.
Disappearance of lath in martensitic steel.

Figure 21

Burst P92 tissue creep hole.
Burst P92 tissue creep hole.

Figure 22

P91 metallographic structure after 60,000 h of operation.
P91 metallographic structure after 60,000 h of operation.

Figure 23

Metallographic structure of a P92 pipe.
Metallographic structure of a P92 pipe.

Figure 24

Metallographic structure of a P91 main steam pipe.
Metallographic structure of a P91 main steam pipe.

Chemical composition of P91 and P92 (mass fraction, %)_

MaterialsCMnPSSiCrMoVNbNNi
P910.100.350.0150.0050.288.770.920.210.080.050.20

High-temperature endurance test results_

Item Temperature (°C) σ 1 × 10 5 t ° C {\sigma }_{1\times {10}^{5}}^{{}^{^\circ }\text{t}\text{C}} (MPa)
Reference value (GB5310) 540166
Actual measured value2#54095

Mechanical property test results at high temperature (600°C)_

Item R p0.2 (MPa) R m (MPa) A (%) Z (%)
Reference value (GB5310) ≥198
Actual measured valueG3-122030535.089
G3-222031037.089

Mechanical property test results at room temperature_

Item R p0.2 (MPa) R m (MPa)
Reference value (GB5310) 415585
Actual measured value1#283560
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2024-0044 | Journal eISSN: 2083-134X | Journal ISSN: 2083-1331
Language: English
Page range: 50 - 65
Submitted on: Apr 2, 2024
Accepted on: Oct 26, 2024
Published on: Dec 24, 2024
Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2024 Zhang Kun, Cai Wenhe, Wang Zhichun, Xin Chen, Fengyuan Shu, Shi Yang, Jianwei Wang, Li Weili, Zhang Xin, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.