Antimicrobial activity, viability, and physicochemical properties of an MTA-type cement with different concentrations of bismuth trioxide Cover

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Antimicrobial activity, viability, and physicochemical properties of an MTA-type cement with different concentrations of bismuth trioxide

Materials Science-Poland

Volume 41 (2023): Issue 2 (August 2023)

By: Miryam Martínez-Hernández, Daniel Manzo-García, Juana Paulina Ramírez-Ortega, Juan Antonio Arreguín-Cano, Elda Georgina Chávez-Cortéz, Jesús Ángel Arenas-Alatorre, Jacqueline Adelina Rodríguez-Chávez and Abigailt Flores-Ledesma

Open Access

|Nov 2023

Figures & Tables

(A) Evaluation of the antibacterial effect of the experimental cements: Bi15, Bi20, and Bi25, on S. mutans. Positive control: 0.20% chlorhexidine (ANOVA p < 0.05; post hoc Tukey test p < 0.01). 0.20% CHX was significant against all experimental groups (ANOVA p < 0.01; post hoc Dunnett test p < 0.05). Lowercase letters are used to compare means; means sharing a superscript letter are not significantly different, n = 3. (B) Evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of the experimental cements: Bi15, Bi20, and Bi25 on P. gingivalis. Positive control: 0.20% chlorhexidine solution. (ANOVA p < 0.01; post hoc Tukey test p < 0.05). 0.20% CHX was significant against the experimental groups Bi20 and Bi25 (ANOVA p < 0.05; post hoc Dunnett test p < 0.05). Lowercase letters are used to compare means; means sharing a superscript letter are not significantly different, n = 3

Effect of bismuth on cell viability of Bi15, Bi20, and Bi25 cements. L929 cells were seeded in 96-well plates (2.5 × 103 cells/well) and treated with different percentages of bismuth followed by MTT assay for 24, 48, and 72 h. The red horizontal dotted line represents the basal group as 100%, and a blue continuous line represents the threshold for a cytotoxicity level of 75% of cell viability compared to the basal group (negative control). Each bar represents mean ± SD calculated from three independent experiments. ANOVA p < 0.01; post hoc Tukey test p < 0.05, lowercase letters are used to compare means; means sharing a superscript letter are not significantly different, n = 3

Effect of pH on the antibacterial activity and cell viability at 24 h. Black line: Cell viability, L929 cells. Red line: Antibacterial activity on S. mutans. Blue line: Antibacterial activity on P. gingivalis

Micrographs of bismuth trioxide and the unhydrated cement sample. A. Bismuth trioxide; B, Bi15; C, Bi20; and D-Bi25. Yellow bar = 50μm, 350 × magnification

Surface micrographs of the hydrated cement sample. The long white particles corresponding to bismuth trioxide are not well incorporated into the cement. Left columns (A, C, E) are micrographs with secondary electrons. The right columns (B, D, F) are backscattering electron images. A–B: Bi15, C–D: Bi20, and E–F: Bi25. Yellow scale bar = 100 μm, 200 × magnification

Means and standard deviation (in parenthesis) of solubility, setting time, and film thickness of Bi15, Bi20, and Bi25

	Solubility (%)	Setting time (min)	Film thickness (mm)
Bi15	-2.70 (0.41)^a	5:19 (1:41)^a	0.01238 (0.00027)^a
Bi20	0.24 (0.81)^b	4:59 (1:26)^a	0.01229 (0.00023)^a
Bi25	-0.27 (0.82)^b	4:41 (1:31)^a	0.01230 (0.00043)^a
ISO 6876 requirements	< 3%	No more than 110% of the manufacturer’s specifications.	< 0.05 mm

pH means of the Bi15, Bi20, and Bi25 cements

	1 h	3 h	24 h	48 h	72 h	7 d
Bi15	10.28 (0.25)^a	10.68 (0.15)^a	11.16 (0.21)^a	10.94 (0.48)^a	10.78 (0.70)^a	9.98 (1.08) ^a
Bi20	10.49 (0.12)^a	10.87 (0.10)^a	11.32 (0.16)^a	11.33 (0.22)^a,b	11.07 (0.53)^a	10.11 (0.92) ^a
Bi25	10.49 (0.13)^a	10.88 (0.06)^a	11.37 (0.12)^a	11.47 (0.18)^b	11.35 (0.35)^a	10.96 (0.88) ^a
p	0.309	0.061	0.119	0.043	0.237	0.181

Reference strains used to determine the antimicrobial activity

Bacterial strain	ATCC	Gram/Respiration	Associated with
*Porphyromonas gingivalis*	33277	−/anaerobic	Periodontitis
*Streptococcus mutans*	25175	+/facultative anaerobic	Dental caries

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2023-0026 | Journal eISSN: 2083-134X | Journal ISSN: 2083-1331

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Language: English

Page range: 339 - 353

Submitted on: Sep 4, 2023

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Accepted on: Oct 2, 2023

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Published on: Nov 20, 2023

Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

bismuth trioxide,

antimicrobial activity

Related subjects:

Materials sciences,

Materials sciences, other,

Functional and smart materials,

Materials characterization and properties

© 2023 Miryam Martínez-Hernández, Daniel Manzo-García, Juana Paulina Ramírez-Ortega, Juan Antonio Arreguín-Cano, Elda Georgina Chávez-Cortéz, Jesús Ángel Arenas-Alatorre, Jacqueline Adelina Rodríguez-Chávez, Abigailt Flores-Ledesma, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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