Evaluation of the possibility of improving the durability of tools made of X153CrMoV12 steel used in the extrusion of a clay band in ceramic roof tile production

Evaluation of the possibility of improving the durability of tools made of X153CrMoV12 steel used in the extrusion of a clay band in ceramic roof tile production

Materials Science-Poland

Volume 41 (2023): Issue 1 (March 2023)

By:

Marek Hawryluk, Jan Marzec, Marzena Lachowicz, Piotr Makuła and Kamila Nowak

Open Access

|Jul 2023

Figures & Tables

Ceramic roof tile extrusion process – A) schematic diagram of construction of extruder barrels: 1 - vacuum zone, 2 - screw, 3 - pressure head, 4 - forming tool [25], B) main view of extruder, C) process of band forming

Example of worn tool - A) results of 3D scanning, B) scratches, C) crack

Results of hardness measurements of steel after the performed heat treatment variants

Examples of damage in the form of cracks to the NC11LV tools forming the clay band

Results of the ball-on-disc tests for the analyzed materials

Track profiles for the ball-on-disc test: A) sample 960/450, B) sample 1060/450, C) sample 1020/200

Friction coefficients in the ball-on-disc test for both analyzed materials

View of (A) microstructure of steel NC11. sample 960/450 (B) magnified fragment of the area. Light microscopy, etched state

Microscopic SEM image, sample 960/450 (A) with the distribution of: iron (B), chromium (C) and vanadium (D). SEM/EDS

View of (A) microstructure of steel NC11LV – sample 1060/450 (B) magnified fragment of the area. Light microscopy, etched state

View of (A) microstructure of steel NC11LV – sample 1020/200, (B) magnified, fragment of the area. Light microscopy, etched state

View of (A) microstructure of steel NC11LV in the sub-surface area in sample 960/450, (B) magnified fragment of the area. Light microscopy, etched state

View of (A) microscopy of steel NC11LV in the sub-surface area, sample 1060/450, (B) magnified fragment of the area. Light microscopy, etched state

View of (A) microstructure of steel NC11LV in the sub-surface area of sample 1020/200, (B) magnified fragment of the area. Light microscopy, etched state

Course of a crack developing on the surface. Etched state, SEM – sample 1060/450

Spalling of carbides observed in the sub-surface area of steel in state 2. Etched state, SEM, sample 1060/450

A microscopic SEM image, sample 1060/450 (A) together with the distribution of: iron (A), chromium (B) and vanadium (D)

Surface changes of steel NC11LV. Etched state, SEM – sample 1020/200

Results of the measurement of the track volume in the ball-on-disc test

Parameters	Sample 960/450	Sample 1060/450	Sample 1020/200
Track volume	9622503	20987030	3397096
Max. track depth	17.0	21.7	7.46

Parameters of the test samples’ heat treatment

Sample no.	Austenitizing temperature [°C]	Tempering temperature [°C]	Tempering time [h]
960/450	960	450	2
1060/450	1060	450	2
1020/200	1020	200	2

Chemical composition of X153CrMoV12 steel

Steel X153CrMoV12 (NC11LV) – chemical composition [%]
C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cr	Mo	Ni	Al	Cu	V	W
1.59	0.25	0.38	0.012	0.008	11.72	0.88	0.20	0.03	0.06	0.76	0.05

Results of the impact energy of samples with a V-notch

Material	Sample no.	Test temperature	Energy
		°C	J
NC11LV	960/450	50	3.8
	1060/450	50	3.7
	1020/200	50	2.8
	960/450	200	4.9
	1060/450	200	4.6
	1020/200	200	3.1
Hardox 600	1	50	21.6
Hardox 600	2	200	24.3

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2023-0011 | Journal eISSN: 2083-134X | Journal ISSN: 2083-1331

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Language: English

Page range: 94 - 109

Submitted on: Apr 19, 2023

Accepted on: Jun 7, 2023

Published on: Jul 31, 2023

Published by: Sciendo

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 times per year

Keywords:

increase wear resistance,

microstructure

Related subjects:

Materials sciences,

Materials sciences, other,

Nanomaterials,

Functional and smart materials,

Materials characterization and properties

© 2023 Marek Hawryluk, Jan Marzec, Marzena Lachowicz, Piotr Makuła, Kamila Nowak, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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Evaluation of the possibility of improving the durability of tools made of X153CrMoV12 steel used in the extrusion of a clay band in ceramic roof tile production

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Results of the measurement of the track volume in the ball-on-disc test

Parameters of the test samples’ heat treatment

Chemical composition of X153CrMoV12 steel

Results of the impact energy of samples with a V-notch

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