Have a personal or library account? Click to login
The study of the tribological properties under high contact pressure conditions of TiN, TiC and TiCN coatings deposited by the magnetron sputtering method on the AISI 304 stainless steel substrate Cover

The study of the tribological properties under high contact pressure conditions of TiN, TiC and TiCN coatings deposited by the magnetron sputtering method on the AISI 304 stainless steel substrate

Materials Science-Poland
Volume 41 (2023): Issue 1 (March 2023)
By:
Open Access
|May 2023

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

Friction pair on tribotester ball-on-plate (1 – sample with tested coating, 2 – silicon carbide ball, 3 – ball holder, Fn – normal load, v – sliding speed in reciprocating motion)
Friction pair on tribotester ball-on-plate (1 – sample with tested coating, 2 – silicon carbide ball, 3 – ball holder, Fn – normal load, v – sliding speed in reciprocating motion)

Fig. 2.

Examples of changes in the friction coefficient as a function of successive movements (cycles) for the tested coatings: (A) TiC, (B) TiN, (C) TiCN. TiCN, titanium carbonitride
Examples of changes in the friction coefficient as a function of successive movements (cycles) for the tested coatings: (A) TiC, (B) TiN, (C) TiCN. TiCN, titanium carbonitride

Fig. 3.

Average coefficient of friction for TiCN coatings and steel substrate for the initial (Cycle 1–20) and final friction period (Cycle 90–100) (error bars correspond to confidence intervals of the confidence level α = 0.05). TiCN, titanium carbonitride
Average coefficient of friction for TiCN coatings and steel substrate for the initial (Cycle 1–20) and final friction period (Cycle 90–100) (error bars correspond to confidence intervals of the confidence level α = 0.05). TiCN, titanium carbonitride

Fig. 4.

Example of wear (groove) test results on a TiC coating surface using a 3D surface metrology microscope: (A, B) wear track, (C) cross-section of wear track
Example of wear (groove) test results on a TiC coating surface using a 3D surface metrology microscope: (A, B) wear track, (C) cross-section of wear track

Fig. 5.

Example of wear (groove) test results on a TiN coating surface using a 3D surface metrology microscope: (A, B) wear track, (C) cross-section of wear track
Example of wear (groove) test results on a TiN coating surface using a 3D surface metrology microscope: (A, B) wear track, (C) cross-section of wear track

Fig. 6.

Example of wear (groove) test results on a TiCN coating surface using a 3D surface metrology microscope: (A, B) wear track, (C) cross-section of wear track. TiCN, titanium carbonitride
Example of wear (groove) test results on a TiCN coating surface using a 3D surface metrology microscope: (A, B) wear track, (C) cross-section of wear track. TiCN, titanium carbonitride

Fig. 7.

Wear of TiCN coatings as an average of the maximum friction track depth after 100 cycles of movement during tribological tests (error bars correspond to confidence intervals of the confidence level α = 0.05). TiCN, titanium carbonitride
Wear of TiCN coatings as an average of the maximum friction track depth after 100 cycles of movement during tribological tests (error bars correspond to confidence intervals of the confidence level α = 0.05). TiCN, titanium carbonitride

Fig. 8.

SEM microphotographs of friction tracks for coatings: (A) TiC, (B)TiN, (C) TiCN. The arrows indicate the area of cracking and the detachment of the coating from the substrate. SEM, scanning electron microscope; TiCN, titanium carbonitride
SEM microphotographs of friction tracks for coatings: (A) TiC, (B)TiN, (C) TiCN. The arrows indicate the area of cracking and the detachment of the coating from the substrate. SEM, scanning electron microscope; TiCN, titanium carbonitride

Fig. 9.

Normal force Fn and frictional force Ft versus distance L in the scratch test for coatings: (A) TiC, (B) TiN,(C) TiCN. TiCN, titanium carbonitride
Normal force Fn and frictional force Ft versus distance L in the scratch test for coatings: (A) TiC, (B) TiN,(C) TiCN. TiCN, titanium carbonitride

Fig. 10.

Scratch microphotographs for TiC; (A) normal force in the range Fn = 10–1,400 mN, (B) normal force in the range Fn = 1,450–2,400 mN, (C) normal force in the range Fn = 1,250–1,500 mN, (D) normal force in the range Fn = 1,250–1,500 mN, (E) normal force in the range Fn = 2,000–2,400 mN, (F) normal force Fn = 2,000–2,400 mN. The arrows indicate the area of the detachment of the coating from the substrate
Scratch microphotographs for TiC; (A) normal force in the range Fn = 10–1,400 mN, (B) normal force in the range Fn = 1,450–2,400 mN, (C) normal force in the range Fn = 1,250–1,500 mN, (D) normal force in the range Fn = 1,250–1,500 mN, (E) normal force in the range Fn = 2,000–2,400 mN, (F) normal force Fn = 2,000–2,400 mN. The arrows indicate the area of the detachment of the coating from the substrate

Fig. 11.

Scratch microphotographs for TiN; (A) normal force in the Fn range = 10–1,200 mN, (B) normal force in the Fn range Fn = 1,250–1,500 mN, (C) normal force in the Fn range Fn = 1,550–1,850 mN, (D) normal force Fn = 1,800 mN. The arrows indicate the area of cracking and the detachment of the coating from the substrate
Scratch microphotographs for TiN; (A) normal force in the Fn range = 10–1,200 mN, (B) normal force in the Fn range Fn = 1,250–1,500 mN, (C) normal force in the Fn range Fn = 1,550–1,850 mN, (D) normal force Fn = 1,800 mN. The arrows indicate the area of cracking and the detachment of the coating from the substrate

Fig. 12.

Scratch microphotographs for TiCN; (A) normal force in the Fn range Fn = 10–860 mN, (B) normal force in the Fn range Fn = 1,050–2,500 mN, (C) normal force in the Fn range Fn = 800–1,200 mN, (D) normal force Fn = 1,350–2,400 mN. The arrows indicate the area of the detachment of the coating from the substrate. TiCN, titanium carbonitride
Scratch microphotographs for TiCN; (A) normal force in the Fn range Fn = 10–860 mN, (B) normal force in the Fn range Fn = 1,050–2,500 mN, (C) normal force in the Fn range Fn = 800–1,200 mN, (D) normal force Fn = 1,350–2,400 mN. The arrows indicate the area of the detachment of the coating from the substrate. TiCN, titanium carbonitride

Wear of TiCN coatings as an average of the maximum friction track depth after 100 cycles of movement

MaterialWear (μm)Confidence interval
TiC4.64±0.58
TiN3.05±0.17
TiCN5.65±0.38

Surface roughness parameters (ISO 25178) of TiCN coatings and the steel substrate before and after friction tests

MaterialAverage values of surface roughness parameters before friction tests
SaSqSzSskSkuSpSv
CoatingTiC0.5080.5922.5480.1642.0181.3751.173
TiN0.2780.3271.9460.0272.1510.7631.183
TiCN0.2510.3092.317−0.7976.7450.6661.651
SubstrateAISI 304 steel0.5670.6803.5850.1292.2611.9171.667

The average coefficient of friction for the tested coatings and the confidence intervals for the initial (Cycle 1–20) and final friction period (Cycle 90–100)

MaterialCoefficient of frictionConfidence intervalCoefficient of frictionConfidence interval
Cycle: 1–20 Cycle: 90–100
CoatingsTiC0.122±0.0030.143±0.002
TiN0.165±0.0010.168±0.001
TiCN0.145±0.0020.166±0.002
SubstrateAISI 304 steel0.139±0.0020.152±0.002

The flow rate of the working gases during the deposition of TiCN coatings on the steel substrate

MaterialFlow rate (×10−3 m3/h)
ArN2C2H2
CoatingTiC1.1-0.47
TiN1.10.45-
TiCN1.350.2250.225
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2022-0055 | Journal eISSN: 2083-134X | Journal ISSN: 2083-1331
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 14
Submitted on: Aug 16, 2022
Accepted on: Apr 1, 2023
Published on: May 12, 2023
Published by: Sciendo
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 times per year
Keywords:
magnetron sputtering,
titanium carbonitride,
coefficient of friction,
wear resistance,
scratch test
Related subjects:
Materials sciences,
Materials sciences, other,
Nanomaterials,
Functional and smart materials,
Materials characterization and properties

© 2023 Mamaeva Axaule Alipovna, Kenzhegulov Aidar Karaulovich, Panichkin Aleksandr Vladimirovich, Alibekov Zhasulan Zhanuzakovich, Kshibekova Balzhan Bolatovna, Wojciech Wieleba, Tadeusz Leśniewski, Nauryzbek Bakhytuly, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 41 (2023): Issue 1 (March 2023)Next article