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Optimisation of fragrance finishing on cotton by grafting of β-cyclodextrin based microcapsules: Application of the experimental design methodology Cover

Optimisation of fragrance finishing on cotton by grafting of β-cyclodextrin based microcapsules: Application of the experimental design methodology

Open Access
|Apr 2022

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

Molecular structure of the PU polymer based on β-cyclodextrin forming the microcapsules shell. PU, Polyurethane
Molecular structure of the PU polymer based on β-cyclodextrin forming the microcapsules shell. PU, Polyurethane

Fig. 2

Effect of the microcapsules concentration (CAP) on the mass gain G
Effect of the microcapsules concentration (CAP) on the mass gain G

Fig. 3

Effect of the CA crosslinking agent concentration on the fabric mass gain. CA, citric acid
Effect of the CA crosslinking agent concentration on the fabric mass gain. CA, citric acid

Fig. 4

Effect of the DHP CAT on the mass gain. CAT, catalyst concentration; DHP, disodium hydrogen phosphate
Effect of the DHP CAT on the mass gain. CAT, catalyst concentration; DHP, disodium hydrogen phosphate

Fig. 5

Contour plots showing the combined effect of microcapsules and DHP CATs on the mass gain (G) using different CA crosslinking agent concentrations: (A) 80 g ⋅ L−1, (B) 100 g ⋅ L−1 and (C) 120 g ⋅ L−1. CAT, catalyst concentration; DHP, disodium hydrogen phosphate
Contour plots showing the combined effect of microcapsules and DHP CATs on the mass gain (G) using different CA crosslinking agent concentrations: (A) 80 g ⋅ L−1, (B) 100 g ⋅ L−1 and (C) 120 g ⋅ L−1. CAT, catalyst concentration; DHP, disodium hydrogen phosphate

Fig. 6

Response optimisation of the grafting process. CA, citric acid; DHP, disodium hydrogen phosphate
Response optimisation of the grafting process. CA, citric acid; DHP, disodium hydrogen phosphate

Fig. 7

SEM micrographs of: (A) untreated cotton knitted textile at ×500 magnification and (B, C) treated cotton knitted textile at ×500 (B) and ×2,000 (C) magnifications. SEM, scanning electron microscopy
SEM micrographs of: (A) untreated cotton knitted textile at ×500 magnification and (B, C) treated cotton knitted textile at ×500 (B) and ×2,000 (C) magnifications. SEM, scanning electron microscopy

Fig. 8

Tensile behaviour of untreated and treated knitted fabric in both directions: (A) row direction and (B) column direction
Tensile behaviour of untreated and treated knitted fabric in both directions: (A) row direction and (B) column direction

Fig. 9

Variation of: (A) maximum force, (B) elongation at maximum force and (C) stiffness before and after grafting treatment in row and column directions
Variation of: (A) maximum force, (B) elongation at maximum force and (C) stiffness before and after grafting treatment in row and column directions

Fig. 10

Air permeability of knitted cotton fabrics before and after grafting
Air permeability of knitted cotton fabrics before and after grafting

Fig. 11

SEM micrographs of knitting grafted with fragrant microcapsules after 40 washing cycles at (A) ×1,000 and (B) ×3,000 magnification. SEM, scanning electron microscopy
SEM micrographs of knitting grafted with fragrant microcapsules after 40 washing cycles at (A) ×1,000 and (B) ×3,000 magnification. SEM, scanning electron microscopy

Fig. 12

Residual neroline concentration after subsequent washing cycles
Residual neroline concentration after subsequent washing cycles

ANOVA

SourceDegrees of freedomSum of squaresVarianceFp-value
Regression920.40002.266718.980.002
Residuals50.59710.1194
Total1420.9971

Box-Behnken design and experimental results

Experiment N°Coded valuesReal valuesMean response

X1X2X3U1U2U3G (%) (n = 3)
1−1−109080602.25
2+1−1011080603.68
3−1+1090120602.75
4+1+10110120604.11
5−10−190100503.85
6+10−1110100504.72
7−10+190100701.88
8+10+1110100702.11
90−1−110080503.45
100+1−1100120505.22
110−1+110080701.50
120+1+1100120701.47
13000100100604.23
14000100100604.26
15000100100604.28

Experimental range and levels of independent process variables

Coded variableNatural variableUnitLevels

−10+1
X1U1: microcapsules concentration(g ⋅ L−1)90100110
X2U2: CA crosslinking agent concentration(g ⋅ L−1)80100120
X3U3: DHP CAT(g ⋅ L−1)506070
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2021-0044 | Journal eISSN: 2083-134X | Journal ISSN: 2083-1331
Language: English
Page range: 555 - 569
Submitted on: Dec 23, 2021
Accepted on: Jan 25, 2022
Published on: Apr 25, 2022
Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2022 Maroua Ben Abdelkader, Nedra Azizi, Claire Bordes, Mustapha Majdoub, Yves Chevalier, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.