Methods of Evaluating the Depth and Dimensionality of Geological Structures Based on Geophysical Parameters Measured at the Land Surface

The depth and size of the geological structures, affected by tectonic elements (faults, fractures, cracks), can be determined by various methods. In the paper we present applications of moving averaging with variable window, polynomial trend surfaces and hypersurfaces, the variation of the generalized Pearson coefficient as well as their combinations for the 2D and 3D cases. The geophysical parameters measured at the ground surface are transposed into a rectangular grid, using interpolation formulas and software programs. The values in the grid nodes, together with latitude and longitude, represent the input data for the programs performed by authors and presented in the paper. If we also have data of geophysical parameters measured at different depths, we can also introduce the depth into the input data. Thus, we will have three independent parameters and a dependent geophysical parameter. By running specific programs we obtain the equations of trend surfaces or hypersurfaces, for different degrees, chosen according to the depth of the geological sources investigated. Thus, we obtain 2D, residual and trend maps for different degrees of the polynomials that are equivalent to different investigation depths. Similarly for 3D space, if we have geophysical data measured in depth.