Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to compare the levels of whole-body vibration (WBV) exposure to which operators are subjected when using conventional heavy equipment with internal combustion engines to hybrid heavy machines, which demonstrate potential advantages in terms of efficiency and sustainability. The study was carried out in a quarry using an experimental approach that analyzed conventional and hybrid heavy equipment during the same working phases in mining activities. The methodology involved direct vibration samples using triaxial accelerometers positioned uniformly on the operator’s driving stations. The vibrations were analyzed in accordance with ISO 2631-1, focusing on intensity and frequency distribution. To minimize the influence of interference factors and ensure a straightforward comparison of the results, the entire measurement campaign was conducted under the same conditions, including vehicle and operator characteristics. Hybrid machines provide notable sustainability benefits, but the results show they produce higher vibration levels compared to conventional ones. This underscores the need to improve vibration control in hybrid machinery to ensure operator comfort and health while supporting their sustainability advantages.