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Analysis of the livelihoods and the empowerment of peasant communities: an analysis of two rural areas in the department of Boyacá, Colombia Cover

Analysis of the livelihoods and the empowerment of peasant communities: an analysis of two rural areas in the department of Boyacá, Colombia

Miscellanea Geographica
Volume 27 (2023): Issue 3 (July 2023)
By: Miguel Angel García-Parra,  Nubia Plazas-Leguizamón,  Ramiro Andrés Colmenares-Cruz,  Jelsy Millena Jácome-Suárez,  Luz Angela Cuellar Rodríguez and  Juan Carlos Hernández-Criado  
Open Access
|Jul 2023

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

A: Correlation of the livelihoods of the families from Ventaquemada (V) and Jericó (J). B: human capital (HC), social capital (SC), financial capital (FINC), natural capital (NC), and physical capital (PC)Source: own study
A: Correlation of the livelihoods of the families from Ventaquemada (V) and Jericó (J). B: human capital (HC), social capital (SC), financial capital (FINC), natural capital (NC), and physical capital (PC)Source: own study

Figure 2.

Principal component analysis (PCA) of livelihoods in Ventaquemada (V) and Jericó (J)Source: own study
Principal component analysis (PCA) of livelihoods in Ventaquemada (V) and Jericó (J)Source: own study

Figure 3.

Bootstrap analysis of empowerment in Ventaquemada according to Ward's method. Organisation (O), participation in solidarity entities (PSE), participation in social policy (PSP), self-esteem (S/E), knowledge of management (KM), technical knowledge (TK), optimisation of family time (OFT), critical capacities (CC), conflict resolution (CR), training level (TL), management skills (MS), negotiation skills (NS), network support (NS), exchange (E), accompaniment (ACC), support (S), capacity for organisation (CFO), capacity for choice (CFC), reinforcement of values (ROV), increase in self-esteem (IS/E), mastery of fears (MOF), capacity for analysis (COA), increase in benefits (IB), reinforcement of technology (ROT), implementation of family projects (IOFP), increased capacity for expression (ICFE), increased participation (IP), support for organisation (SFO), support for structure (SFS), local policies (LP), economic activities (EA), family benefits (FB), technology (T), task relief (TR), buildings (B), land (L), capital (C), income (I), increased self-esteem (IS/E)Source: own study
Bootstrap analysis of empowerment in Ventaquemada according to Ward's method. Organisation (O), participation in solidarity entities (PSE), participation in social policy (PSP), self-esteem (S/E), knowledge of management (KM), technical knowledge (TK), optimisation of family time (OFT), critical capacities (CC), conflict resolution (CR), training level (TL), management skills (MS), negotiation skills (NS), network support (NS), exchange (E), accompaniment (ACC), support (S), capacity for organisation (CFO), capacity for choice (CFC), reinforcement of values (ROV), increase in self-esteem (IS/E), mastery of fears (MOF), capacity for analysis (COA), increase in benefits (IB), reinforcement of technology (ROT), implementation of family projects (IOFP), increased capacity for expression (ICFE), increased participation (IP), support for organisation (SFO), support for structure (SFS), local policies (LP), economic activities (EA), family benefits (FB), technology (T), task relief (TR), buildings (B), land (L), capital (C), income (I), increased self-esteem (IS/E)Source: own study

Figure 4.

Bootstrap analysis of the empowerment of the families of Jericó according to Ward's methodSource: own study
Bootstrap analysis of the empowerment of the families of Jericó according to Ward's methodSource: own study

Contribution of capital to components 1 and 2

CAPITALComponent 1Component 2
Human20.247.64
Social14.2656.19
Natural20.570.75
Physical19.5928.62
Financial25.346.81

Definition of capital and their evaluation aspects

CapitalConceptResearch selection aspects
HumanThe ability of individuals to develop and improve resources through access to external resources and knowledge transfer.

  • Training in associativity

  • Generational relief

SocialRelated to the interaction between people and organisations to obtain positive or negative results.

  • Local work networks

  • Link to projects

  • Link to policies

NaturalNatural resources associated with ecosystem goods and services.

  • Water availability

  • Production area

  • Soil management (organic or conventional activities)

  • Biodiversity

PhysicalInfrastructure which supports the production of goods or contributes to improving the quality of life.

  • Access to land

  • Private infrastructure

  • Public infrastructure

FinancialAvailability of financial resources to invest in the development of capacities for the consolidation of business units and accumulation of wealth for the future.

  • Economic income

  • Family savings

  • Remittances

  • Credit

Indicators of empowerment

ItemCategorySubcategory
Diagnostic evaluationEconomic resourcesEconomic capital
Economic income
Land owned
Human resourcesManagement knowledge (generational relief)
Technical knowledge (especially in agriculture and administration)
Analysis capacity
Self-esteem
Socio-political resourcesAbility to organise resources
Participation in solidarity entities
Participation in social policy
Contribution of interventionsEconomic resourcesTechnology availability
Task relief
Buildings
Human resourcesAccompaniment by family members
Tangible support from family members
Exchange of knowledge
Socio-political resourcesOrganisational support
Structural support
Network support
ResultsHaveProfit increase
Technology booster
Family time optimisation
KnowCritical capabilities
Conflict resolution
Training level
WantSelf-esteem increase
Mastering fears
Reinforcement of values
CanCapacity for organisation
Administrative capacity
Capacity for negotiation
ImpactHaveEconomic activities
Family benefits
KnowAbility to choose
Local politics
WantIncreased self-esteem
Achievement of family projects
CanIncreased capacity for expression
Increased participation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2023-0013 | Journal eISSN: 2084-6118 | Journal ISSN: 0867-6046
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 102 - 112
Submitted on: Feb 13, 2023
Accepted on: Jul 31, 2023
Published on: Jul 31, 2023
Published by: Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Capital,
dynamics,
economy,
family nucleus
Related subjects:
Geosciences,
Geography,
Geosciences, other

© 2023 Miguel Angel García-Parra, Nubia Plazas-Leguizamón, Ramiro Andrés Colmenares-Cruz, Jelsy Millena Jácome-Suárez, Luz Angela Cuellar Rodríguez, Juan Carlos Hernández-Criado, published by Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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