Dynamics of hydrological droughts propagation in mountainous catchments

Malwina Kozek; Edmund Tomaszewski

doi:10.2478/mgrsd-2022-0002

Figures & Tables

The Dunajec river catchment to Nowy Sącz water-gauge station. Numbering of sub-catchments as in Tab. 1Source: own elaboration

(a) Basic parameters of low-flows using the example of episodes from 1994–1995 on the Dunajec river (Nowy Targ-Kowaniec water-gauging station); and (b) a graphical illustration of the estimation of Relative Drought Streamflow Deficit (RSD). Tn – low-flow duration, Vn – drought streamflow deficit volume of the low-flow event [m3], Vmax – maximum possible streamflow deficit volume during the low-flow event, i.e. when the discharge value equals 0 [m3], Q70% – flow corresponding to the seventieth percentile of the flow duration curveSource: own elaboration and Tomaszewski 2012 (changed)

An example of hydrological drought identification in the Dunajec river catchment in 2008. Numbering of sub-catchments as in Tab. 1Source: own elaboration

The curve of hydrological drought concentration (example of drought from 23.08 – 31.10.2018)Source: own elaboration

Multiannual course of hydrological drought characteristics in the upper Dunajec river catchment. DSI – Drought Severity Index, DRI – Drought Range Index, DDPC – Drought Development Pace Coefficient, DCI – Drought Concentration Index, DCnI – Drought Continuation Index. Numbering of droughts as in Tab. 2Source: own elaboration

Spatial range of selected hydrological droughts in the upper Dunajec river catchment. DRI – Drought Range Index, DSI – Drought Severity Index, Dt – Drought Duration

(a) Dendrogram of the similarity between hydrological droughts; and (b) the course of the GWZ index for the identification of the optimal number of classes. M – location of the stopping criterion according to Mojena's ruleSource: own elaboration

(a) Average values and standard deviations of selected drought parameters characterizing individual types of hydrological drought; and (b) their distribution according to the identified types of drought in the upper Dunajec river catchmentSource: own elaboration

Characteristics of hydrological droughts in the upper Dunajec river catchment (1989–2018)

No.	Period	D_t [days]	DSI [%]	DRI [%]	DCI	DD_PC [%]	cv(DD_PC)	DCnI [%]
1	01.11.1988–21.03.1989	141	32.88	96.79	0.48	13.44	1.02	58.19
2	14.10.1989–04.04.1990	173	22.68	91.17	0.64	41.41	0.32	37.33
3	05.06.1990–02.09.1990	90	17.32	94.55	0.67	72.94	0.30	32.87
4	15.12.1990–17.05.1991	154	26.63	96.79	0.59	30.66	0.57	44.50
5	08.06.1991–01.08.1991	55	15.18	13.16	0.76	52.12	0.39	11.77
6	27.11.1991–25.03.1992	120	24.63	93.93	0.49	45.09	0.46	45.92
7	06.06.1992–17.10.1992	134	25.88	96.79	0.59	63.94	0.13	44.27
8	11.12.1992–26.03.1994	471	23.29	90.84	0.34	65.11	0.41	45.14
9	27.06.1994–20.04.1995	298	23.40	96.79	0.54	50.28	0.52	45.18
10	23.07.1995–22.04.1996	275	27.87	100.00	0.43	63.49	0.37	62.80
11	10.11.1996–29.04.1997	171	15.70	100.00	0.47	41.96	0.35	59.18
12	17.09.1997–15.11.1997	60	27.60	100.00	0.59	73.57	0.12	12.25
13	30.07.1998–28.09.1998	61	9.95	97.75	0.37	63.39	0.32	52.79
14	19.11.1998–01.04.1999	134	27.00	95.79	0.37	41.09	0.51	55.71
15	31.07.1999–29.03.2000	243	24.32	98.18	0.59	57.40	0.40	37.80
16	19.08.2000–17.03.2001	212	24.04	100.00	0.41	69.86	0.22	61.82
17	06.10.2001–19.03.2002	165	24.48	100.00	0.55	48.09	0.42	52.39
18	19.04.2002–26.05.2002	38	8.81	24.05	0.43	52.63	0.57	11.32
19	07.12.2002–18.04.2003	133	34.06	100.00	0.40	58.05	0.15	63.61
20	31.05.2003–17.03.2004	292	26.80	100.00	0.39	63.36	0.28	65.62
21	22.08.2004–04.04.2005	227	17.63	100.00	0.52	67.67	0.32	47.16
22	02.09.2005–02.04.2006	213	26.21	100.00	0.31	61.83	0.33	79.48
23	11.07.2006–04.09.2007	421	22.26	100.00	0.71	40.94	0.67	34.81
24	14.12.2007–10.04.2008	119	20.97	86.62	0.55	38.18	0.60	26.43
25	12.05.2008–20.09.2008	132	15.33	92.18	0.73	49.38	0.55	24.73
26	19.10.2008–28.03.2009	161	15.28	98.18	0.55	39.07	0.62	36.86
27	08.09.2009–22.10.2009	45	15.11	86.61	0.45	56.35	0.21	35.78
28	03.01.2010–22.03.2010	79	13.99	98.83	0.43	63.56	0.35	47.66
29	15.10.2010–06.04.2011	174	17.46	92.68	0.52	66.26	0.43	26.81
30	29.08.2011–05.04.2012	220	31.05	100.00	0.37	64.66	0.29	72.39
31	29.06.2012–13.04.2013	289	25.64	100.00	0.47	43.67	0.40	55.40
32	23.07.2013–07.04.2014	259	17.61	100.00	0.63	35.81	0.68	33.28
33	03.11.2014–27.03.2015	145	19.50	88.65	0.59	48.55	0.45	29.48
34	23.06.2015–16.11.2015	147	25.14	98.30	0.50	48.23	0.27	51.53
35	15.12.2015–03.05.2016	141	20.90	98.30	0.57	24.23	0.35	35.32
36	07.06.2016–16.07.2016	40	9.66	31.41	0.67	76.07	0.21	19.88
37	29.12.2016–23.03.2017	85	11.95	78.82	0.59	50.37	0.22	38.35
38	21.06.2017–02.09.2017	74	14.19	88.01	0.76	71.52	0.27	23.99
39	30.12.2017–31.03.2018	92	23.26	68.72	0.66	66.30	0.06	29.67
40	29.04.2018–13.07.2018	76	15.27	8.21	0.51	58.88	0.58	5.99
41	23.08.2018–31.10.2018	70	14.01	83.93	0.58	77.45	0.20	33.71

Selected characteristics of the investigated catchments (1989–2018)

No.	River - water-gauge	A [km²]^*	*avgH^ [m asl.]**	Q_70% [m³/s]	q_70% [dm³/s/km²]	ALq [dm³/s/km²]	AAq [dm³/s/km²]	AHq [dm³/s/km²]
1	Czarny Dunajec - Koniówka	134	1443.04	1.96	14.62	10.24	32.10	84.74
2	Dunajec – Nowy Targ	431.8	1370.38	3.95	9.15	6.52	20.26	53.37
3	Dunajec – Nowy Targ-Kowaniec	681.1	1367.85	7.16	10.51	7.72	21.75	53.09
4	Dunajec – Sromowce Wyżne	1278.3	1486.53	14.3	11.19	8.58	21.93	55.01
5	Dunajec – Krościenko	1580.3	1457.98	16.4	10.38	7.88	20.87	53.44
6	Dunajec – Gołkowice	2046.9	1407.70	19.5	9.53	7.43	19.39	49.76
7	Dunajec – Nowy Sącz	4341	1388.99	34	7.83	6.01	15.58	38.41
8	Kościeliski Stream – Kościelisko-Kiry	34.5	1540.25	0.82	23.77	15.88	51.50	134.31
9	Lepietnica – Ludźmierz	50.7	898.42	0.4	7.89	5.52	19.58	53.18
10	Wielki Rogoźnik – Ludźmierz	124.3	811.04	0.76	6.11	4.22	14.86	37.65
11	Biały Dunajec – Zakopane-Harenda	58.4	1385.29	1.12	19,18	13.51	42.04	110.78
12	Biały Dunajec – Szaflary	210.1	1313.51	2.8	13,33	9.88	26.09	61.27
13	Poroniec – Poronin	78.8	1360.62	0.73	9.26	6.63	13.02	53.96
14	Białka – Łysa Polana	63.1	1733.43	1.06	16.8	10.76	52.21	143.48
15	Białka – Trybsz 2	202.3	1569.16	3.06	15.13	10.31	37.85	101.45
16	Niedziczanka – Niedzica	136.4	769.00	0.74	5.43	3.40	15.27	42.07
17	Grajcarek – Szczawnica	73.6	868.10	0.54	7.34	5.36	16.92	43.16
18	Ochotnica – Tylmanowa	107.6	840.73	0.76	7.06	5.21	15.55	37.84
19	Poprad – Muszyna-Milik	1695.1	779.74	9.72	5.73	4.43	12.55	30.98
20	Poprad – Stary Sącz	2071	707.99	11.9	5.74	4.39	12.49	30.42

Parameters for linear trend equations in the series of selected spatial hydrological drought characteristics for the upper Dunajec river catchment (1989–2018) (significance of trends at level α=0_05)

	D_t	DRI	DSI	DD_PC	DCnI	DCI
a	−1.59	−0.39	−0.20	0.25	−0.35	0.001
R²	0.04	0.04	0.14	0.04	0.06	0.02
p (t-Student test)	0.225	0.216	0.018	0.207	0.123	0.375
p (Mann-Kendall test)	0.185	0.296	0.010	0.301	0.111	0.345

Dynamics of hydrological droughts propagation in mountainous catchments

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

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Figure 7

Figure 8

Characteristics of hydrological droughts in the upper Dunajec river catchment (1989–2018)

Selected characteristics of the investigated catchments (1989–2018)

Parameters for linear trend equations in the series of selected spatial hydrological drought characteristics for the upper Dunajec river catchment (1989–2018) (significance of trends at level α=0_05)

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