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Parallel regional convergence in Poland before and after EU accession Cover

Parallel regional convergence in Poland before and after EU accession

By: Piotr Wójcik  
Open Access
|Apr 2021

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Sample plot of coefficients of variation for five artificial measurements with an identical mean slopeSource: own elaboration
Sample plot of coefficients of variation for five artificial measurements with an identical mean slopeSource: own elaboration

Figure 2

Maps of relative GDP per capita in 1990, 2003 and 2017Source: own calculations based on data from CSO and ERD
Maps of relative GDP per capita in 1990, 2003 and 2017Source: own calculations based on data from CSO and ERD

Figure 3

Average annual change in relative GDP per capita in 1990–2017, 1990–2003 and 2004–17Source: own calculations based on data from CSO and ERD
Average annual change in relative GDP per capita in 1990–2017, 1990–2003 and 2004–17Source: own calculations based on data from CSO and ERD

Figure 4

Coefficient of variation of relative GDP per capita in Polish regions in 1990–2017Source: own calculation based on data from CSO and ERD
Coefficient of variation of relative GDP per capita in Polish regions in 1990–2017Source: own calculation based on data from CSO and ERD

Figure 5

Coefficient of variation of relative GDP per capita in Polish regions – direct comparison of 14-year, pre-and post-accession periods
Coefficient of variation of relative GDP per capita in Polish regions – direct comparison of 14-year, pre-and post-accession periods

The impact on EU funds on external convergence of Polish regions to EU28 average in the period 2004–2018

voivodeshipCumulative value of EU funds disbursedconvergence to EU28 average GDP
mln PLNper capita (PLN)share of GDPtotal in p.p.share resulting from Cohesion Policy
Dolnośląskie33085,0114041,6%26,012,3%
Kujawsko-pomorskie18391,088521,7%12,222,0%
Lubelskie23889,2112862,5%12,425,0%
Lubuskie11253,0110922,1%13,024,0%
Łódzkie28974,5117482,0%18,917,0%
Małopolskie30494,389671,6%19,014,0%
Mazowieckie68836,7127391,3%35,610,0%
Opolskie9579,797111,8%12,520,0%
Podkarpackie28306,3132952,9%12,031,0%
Podlaskie14025,7118712,5%12,927,0%
Pomorskie27822,7119232,0%17,918,0%
Śląskie40477,489281,3%16,014,0%
Świętokrzyskie13614,9109662,3%9,729,0%
Warmińsko-mazurskie22942,2160553,4%11,045,0%
Wielkopolskie29823,885361,3%22,211,5%
Zachodniopomorskie19697,5115802,1%12,725,0%
Poland421213,9109661,7%20,915,0%

Results (p-value) of the test of the equality of slopes of the trends of regional inequality measure before and after Poland's EU accession

test and datanumber of years before and after 2004
5678910111213
t-test, CSO0,770,870,980,750,910,780,660,630,53
t-test, ESD0,500,480,510,140,490,500,420,360,24
Wilcoxon test, CSO1,001,000,940,951,000,850,901,001,00
Wilcoxon test, ERD0,810,560,300,150,650,490,460,300,22

Relative GDP per capita of Polish NUTS 2 regions in 1990–2017

region1990199319961999200320062009201220152017
Dolnośląskie97,398,9100,3102,4102,1107,4109,2113,6111,6110,5
Kujawsko-Pomorskie105,6100,594,990,888,986,683,981,281,580,9
Lubelskie77,475,673,471,672,269,069,069,968,369,0
Lubuskie93,692,891,292,086,690,085,683,083,582,6
Łódzkie89,290,291,089,892,692,191,692,492,793,0
Małopolskie95,793,090,589,889,790,288,988,590,391,3
Mazowieckie131,2137,9144,4147,8151,6154,7155,7158,6158,5160,5
Opolskie85,785,384,885,679,481,682,283,383,479,3
Podkarpackie77,976,073,973,374,571,570,770,571,369,7
Podlaskie72,172,472,273,275,372,773,672,471,971,6
Pomorskie90,993,495,699,499,598,998,698,096,296,6
Śląskie113,5111,5111,5108,9108,2106,0106,2105,8103,9103,6
Świętokrzyskie56,463,269,676,379,877,979,174,672,371,4
Warmińsko-Mazurskie84,183,782,679,976,874,773,771,971,370,1
Wielkopolskie113,3110,0106,8106,1105,7106,6107,9105,4108,3109,1
Zachodniopomorskie113,3108,6103,599,892,490,187,584,185,283,3

Values of MADiS and MADiSS together with 95% bootstrapped confidence intervals for five artificial measurements with an identical mean slope

statisticMADiSMADiSS
group23452345
10.82 (0.50, 1.35)1.40 (0.70, 2.89)0.90 (0.51, 1,66)0.43 (0.13, 0,96)0.50 (0.05, 1.08)0.92 (0.58, 1.00)0.92 (0.56, 1.00)0.17 (0.00, 0.81)
2 0.99 (0.54, 2.69)0.99 (0.54, 2.60)0.76 (0.50, 1,09) 0.92 (0.54, 1.00)0.92 (0.45, 1.00)0.67 (0.15, 1.23)
3 1.07 (0.00, 3.03)1.13 (0.67, 2.19) 0.17 (0.00, 0.45)0.92 (0.54, 1.00)
4 1.26 (0.72, 2.81) 0.92 (0.50, 1.00)

Results of the tests for MADiS and MADiSS

test and datanumber of years before and after 2004
5678910111213
MADiS, CSO0.78*1.07*1.05*1.24*1.22*0.91*0.96*1.35*1.66*
MADiS, ESD0.81*1.06*0.82*0.44*0.63*0.69*0.56*0.63*0.63*
MADiSS, CSO0,40,330,861.25*1.56*1.00*0,550.67*1.38*
MADiSS, ERD0,81.33*0,570,51.11*0,60.91*1.00*0.77*
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2020-0050 | Journal eISSN: 2084-6118 | Journal ISSN: 0867-6046
Language: English
Page range: 83 - 92
Submitted on: Mar 10, 2020
Accepted on: Jan 4, 2021
Published on: Apr 7, 2021
Published by: Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2021 Piotr Wójcik, published by Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.