Fig. 1
![A The percentage distribution of people declaring Silesian nationality according to the National Census of Population and Housing 2011; B– Opole and Silesian Voivodeships (in red). Source: based on http://slonzoki.org/ [16.08.2018], modified](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647246d4215d2f6c89dc2aea/j_mgrsd-2019-0006_fig_001.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKJJJJUR5M%2F20260310%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260310T080408Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEHUaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIE9ZvsSkc7rjHKXjfNZ5Zp4DHaz4Y2jXF9lNg1QI9G73AiEAgrQ46L%2B0%2B1kRsa9YRXWwBuWm56iNXdOrj8gRwNzepewqvAUIPhACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDB1xSFV9LauEZlQEiSqZBWBQGnanwrQYrbZrL%2FjV2fX4iwGf%2FMRnycfN%2BO17NCjhgYHZx611OWvxIc4PP%2FI1o16bzGu%2B1szc5xOY6oAkOcL3J8G%2FR7yBkQ%2F%2Fc20%2BcqHmFYKy5LIv3yCQdIYIeB0l2xpWGFjXg9f4UzKBWE0I%2F4wgfQHyRlK9jPtxd65y9K9zkgjhIKAreyFFiH%2B9iC9kq17XN2Sw62%2BTa0SoSJGx1Pb6nQ5kA6xsafgaqNc5sJ87uinZ%2F6kCBnJ9VgvqREBL6MAZTDsIvD5JfKG01114eTLBXD0SZxz90Nb8u9gbrf0RcIQMZxEG59tsDcNq4SVtGm0WUGo050CDnVnQiPSTaw3gQfYKXYurUv9JHXsvpvpzGQLMCwozQKaurmvMeSFMZkm0mCWwDPdz%2BBcSfYOTr6HCjZM6%2F7AaB4ASL4BfUmwnTd69wxaEjZ14bMRH4Iv%2FweUC26Gcujt9TFGT3yW%2FrtRKoEFTBg%2BXipHbCWfReN%2FUqF1geMExR4K1gAY9Ubb65KCRCsctTlT5RzRzP6VcuDksnpR5dbViAzDyBN%2BCBJdOhRIrGjpGB9HF9yWNyMUikDK2Hpo9DJV%2Fapwj0AXLpPYRlQg2rC1TYzcBPdJ2PMMMwlsjdMQDQO4jWFVMqE%2FQhg%2FBh%2BWfiWV2a20OVgcRcTD0CeuyseM%2F2pVTvVf9MVYhpbzBHo2C8XbgS3yvh0%2B2ShehVs2ub9jh5UlW3mG1Y%2BYb7JJ3OKKGtOyldutokxfAhcd2ToTXPcIldWtVkkDF5mHcdNky8%2Bb0wp6PxrvsE%2Fvf7pS4WjfRYiESG3xtnkVxcITlMh0nCygzrjSS8gDMt87J6TSuBbbR%2BIJvDU%2BjI9nj5oEQsJS7qxchCYxqx051sTJI4oLGkc2jMKPFvs0GOrEBoSuy8HIt1TY3oJmz%2F5BDFhBLqn9sTJltwcNRD8DjHfK3pN4JHDcLhSs0zZwthY4D4gm3sjQyygOGWuwVamJssmCODP%2FKSshxC7qe7KM1BSlJJczygM6cfiydZ3yWDsqVMfnNqwyuwxeMPof0wYxK0g7jGZ%2F4rEGkWJELmatAQd6TYxhBLnxE5mhu7eGyd1JkQJGUyVcn1TD5fh15TbKciGBj%2Ff4taXNwrzm%2Bgg1Zm6%2Bh&X-Amz-Signature=e6ef3940e23cd0d93bdd757af3d63e285fd096f7caeb6f40effe102e9975fcc8&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Highest numbers of national and ethnic minorities in Poland (2011)_
| nationality | 1st declared nationality | 2nd declared nationality | Total | Total co-declared with Polish nationality | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | As sole identity | ||||
| Silesian | 435,750 | 375,635 | 410,969 | 846,719 | 430,798 |
| Kashubian | 17,746 | 16,377 | 214,801 | 232,547 | 215,784 |
| German | 74,464 | 44,549 | 73,350 | 147,814 | 63,847 |
| Ukrainian | 38,387 | 27,630 | 12,613 | 51,001 | 20,797 |
| Belarusian | 36,399 | 30,195 | 10,388 | 46,787 | 15,562 |
| Roma | 12,560 | 9,899 | 4,489 | 17,049 | 7,036 |
| Russian | 8,203 | 5,176 | 4,842 | 13,046 | 7,119 |
| American | 1,239 | 813 | 10,600 | 11,838 | 10,811 |
| Lemko | 7,086 | 5,612 | 3,445 | 10,531 | 3,621 |
| English | 1,560 | 1,193 | 8,935 | 10,495 | 9,132 |
Languages spoken at home in Poland (excluding Polish) (2011)
| Language spoken Total at home | Total | Number of people using: | |
|---|---|---|---|
| only one language | more than one language | ||
| Silesian | 529,377 | 126,509 | 402,868 |
| Kashubian | 108,140 | 3,802 | 104,338 |
| English | 103,541 | 4,128 | 99,414 |
| German | 96,461 | 9,738 | 86,723 |
| Belarusian | 26,448 | 3,950 | 22,498 |
| Ukrainian | 24,539 | 4,510 | 20,029 |
| Russian | 19,805 | 1,136 | 18,669 |
| Romani | 14,468 | 2,309 | 12,159 |
| French | 10,677 | 640 | 10,037 |
| Italian | 10,295 | 812 | 9,483 |